nument it is interesting to examine an
inscription published by Brugsch (I, p. 108) in which occur two serpents
who are pouring liquid into a bowl placed between them and the divided
halves of the sky-sign (fig. 70, 8). The text connects this with the New
Year festival when the Nile began to rise "from its two sources" and the
"union of heaven and earth" took place, which will be discussed later. The
following temporary list briefly presents a summary of the preceding data
which is rendered more complete by the addition of the signs and emblems
of the festivals, when the "conjunction of sun and moon took place,"
figured by the picture of two persons united by their respective right and
left hands (fig. 70, 5) or by the tet column placed between two horns
(fig. 70, 4). As may be seen by numerous examples in Brugsch (vol. II),
the great Sed festival is figured by the image of the small sanctuary
which existed on the flat roof of the great temple at Denderah, and
resembled an open pavilion with four columns which is usually represented
as containing two seats placed back to back (fig. 70, 2, 3). A small
picture in Mr. Wallis Budge's Nile exhibits the king and queen occupying
such a double throne, respectively, wearing the insignia and crowns of
Osiris and Isis and holding their sceptres, as in the representations of
the ceremony of laying the foundation of a temple, in their right and left
hands (fig. 70, 6). The resume of the preceding material produces the
following list:

Right eye of Ra: Left eye of Ra.
Sun: Moon.
King: Queen.
Osiris: Isis.
High priest: High priestess.
Right hand sceptre: Left hand sceptre.
North: South.
Red crown: White crown.

The following data, gleaned from the valuable works of Prof. A. H. Sayce
and the serial History of Egypt, written by Prof. Flinders Petrie, J. P.
Mahaffy and J. G. Milne, furnish strong indications that, in the remotest
past, the two divisions of the land of Egypt were respectively governed by
a male and female sovereign; a proof that, before the time of Menes, the
ancient empire had become disintegrated, and undergone a long period of
intense strife and warfare. We learn from Professor Sayce of the
probability that "the city of Nek-hen was once the capital of the south
and that the vulture, the symbol of the south, was also the emblem of
Nekheb, the goddess of the great fortress, the ruins of which lie opposite
to Nekhen on the eastern bank of the Nile" (Sayce, _op. cit._