bly proves that the pyramid builders assigned a
particular importance to the north. Referring the reader to Sir Norman
Lockyer's work for a mass of valuable and interesting information
concerning the orientation of Egyptian temples, I merely quote the
following statements which not only show that throughout Lower Egypt
north-star worship existed, but also establish the interesting and
important fact that in Upper Egypt a totally different astronomical cult
was carried out during an unknown length of time.

"It is an important fact to bear in mind that in the North of Egypt, in
early times, the stellar temples were more particularly directed to the
north, while south of Thebes, so far as I know, there is only one temple
so directed" (p. 225).... "From the astronomical point of view ... there
are distinctly two series [of temples and monuments in general], (leaving
out of consideration the great pyramid builders at Gizeh) absolutely
dissimilar astronomically; ... there are at least two sets [of
temple-builders], one going _up_ the river building temples to the north
stars, the other going down the river building temples to the south stars;
and the two streams practically met at Thebes, or at all events they were
both very fully represented there either together or successively."

Sir Norman Lockyer proceeds to say: "The double origin of the people thus
suggested on astronomical grounds may be the reason of the name of 'double
country,' used especially in the titles of kings, of the employment of two
crowns, and finally of the supposed sovereignty of Set over the north, and
of Horus over the south divisions of the kingdom" (_op. cit._ p. 345). "In
short, in Lower Egypt the temples are pointed to rising stars near the
north point of the horizon, or setting north of west. In Upper Egypt we
deal chiefly with temples directed to stars rising in the southeast, or
setting low in the southwest. Here again we are in presence of ...
distinct differences of astronomical thought...." (p. 341). "With regard
to the northern stars observed rising in high amplitudes, we have found
traces of their worship in times so remote that in all probability at Annu
and Denderah {~GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA~} Ursae Majoris was used before it became circumpolar. We deal
almost certainly with 5000 B.C.... _New_ temples with nearly similar
amplitudes ... were built at later times ... it may be suggested that the
stellar observations made in them had ultim