long as fluids flow freely from the mouth.

[Illustration: FIG. 1.

TO EXPEL WATER FROM STOMACH AND CHEST.

Patient lying face downward; roll of clothes beneath stomach; jaws
separated by piece of wood or cork; note rescuer pressing on back to
force out water.]

RULE III. _To Produce Breathing_ (see Figs. 2 and 3).--Clear the mouth
and throat of mucus by introducing into the throat the corner of a
handkerchief wrapped closely around the forefinger; turn the patient
on the back, the roll of clothing being so placed as to raise the pit
of the stomach above the level of the rest of the body. Let an
assistant, with a handkerchief or piece of dry cloth, draw the tip of
the tongue out of one corner of the mouth (which prevents the tongue
from falling back and choking the entrance to the windpipe), and keep
it projecting a little beyond the lips. Let another assistant grasp
the arms, just below the elbows, and draw them steadily upward by the
sides of the patient's head to the ground, the hands nearly meeting
(which enlarges the capacity of the chest and induces inspiration).
(Fig. 2.) While this is being done let a third assistant take position
astride the patient's hips with his elbows resting upon his own knees,
his hands extended ready for action. Next, let the assistant standing
at the head turn down the patient's arms to the sides of the body, the
assistant holding the tongue changing hands if necessary[1] to let the
arms pass. Just before the patient's hands reach the ground the man
astride the body will grasp the body with his hands, the balls of the
thumb resting on either side of the pit of the stomach, the fingers
falling into the grooves between the short ribs. Now, using his knees
as a pivot, he will, at the moment the patient's hands touch the
ground, throw (not too suddenly) all his weight forward on his
hands, and at the same time squeeze the waist between them, as if he
wished to force something in the chest upward out of the mouth; he
will deepen the pressure while he slowly counts one, two, three, four
(about five seconds), then suddenly let go with a final push, which
will spring him back to his first position.[2] This completes
expiration. (Fig. 3.)

[Illustration: FIG. 2.

TO PRODUCE BREATHING.

First Position: Patient lying face upward; roll of clothes under back;
tongue pulled out of mouth with handkerchief; note rescuer drawing
arms upward to sides of head to start act of breathing in.]

[Il