upper jaw.]

=SHOULDER-BLADE FRACTURE.=

_First Aid Rule.--There is no displacement. Bandage fingers, forearm,
and arm of affected side, and put this arm in sling. Fasten slung arm
to body with many turns of a bandage, which holds forearm against
chest and arm against side._

Shoulder-blade fracture occasions pain, swelling, and tenderness on
pressure over the point of injury. On manipulating the bone a grating
sound may be heard and unnatural motion detected. The treatment
consists in bandaging the forearm and arm on the injured side from
below upward, beginning at the wrist; slinging the forearm bent at a
right angle across the front of the body, suspended by a narrow sling
from the neck, and then encircling the body and arm of the injured
side from shoulder to elbow with a wide bandage applied under the
sling, which holds the arm snugly against the side. This bandage is
prevented from slipping down by straps attached to it and carried over
each shoulder.

=ARM FRACTURE.=

_First Aid Rule.--Pad two pieces of thin board nine by three inches
with handkerchiefs. Carefully pull fragments of bone apart, grasping
lower fragment near elbow while assistant pulls gently on upper
fragment near shoulder. Put padded boards (splints) one each side of
the fracture, and wind bandage about their whole length, tightly
enough to keep bony fragments firm in position. Put forearm and hand
in sling._

In fracture of the arm between the shoulder and elbow, swelling and
shortening may give rise to deformity. Pain and abnormal motion are
symptoms, while a grating sound may be detected, but manipulation of
the arm for this purpose should be avoided. The surface is apt soon to
become black and blue, owing to rupture of the blood vessels beneath
the skin.

The hand and forearm should be bandaged from below upward to the
elbow. The bone is put in place by grasping the patient's elbow and
pulling directly down in line with the arm, which is held slightly
away from the side of the patient, while an assistant steadies and
pulls up the shoulder. Then a wedge-shaped pad, long enough to reach
from the patient's armpit to his elbow (made of cotton wadding or
blanketing sewed in a cotton case) and about four inches wide and
three inches thick at one end, tapering up to a point at the other, is
placed against the patient's side with the tapering end uppermost in
the armpit and the thick end down. This pad is kept in place by a
strip of sur