your back and float till help comes. Many a man exhausts
himself by stemming the billows for the shore on a back-going tide,
and sinks in the effort, when, if he had floated, a boat or other aid
might have been obtained.

9. These instructions apply alike to all circumstances, whether as
regards the roughest sea or smooth water.

FOOTNOTES:

[1] Changing hands will be found unnecessary after some practice; the
tongue, however, must not be released.

[2] A child or very delicate patient must, of course, be more gently
handled.

[3] If there is stuck through the tongue a pin long enough to rest
against the teeth and keep the tongue out of the mouth, the desired
effect may be obtained.--EDITOR.

CHAPTER II

=Heat Stroke and Electric Shock=

_How Persons are Overcome by Heat--Treatment of Sunstroke--Peculiar
Cases--Dangers of Electric Shocks--How Death is Caused--Rules and
Precautions._

=HEAT EXHAUSTION.=

_First Aid Rule 1.--Carry patient flat and lay in shade. Loosen
clothes at neck and waist._

_Rule 2.--Raise head and give him (a) teaspoonful of essence of ginger
in glass of hot water, or give him (b) half a cup of hot coffee,
clear._

_Rule 3.--Put him to bed._

=HEAT STROKE.=

_First Aid Rule 1.--Send for physician._

_Rule 2.--Remove quickly to shady place, loosening clothes on the
way._

_Rule 3.--Strip naked and put on wire mattress (or canvas cot), if
obtainable._

_Rule 4.--Sprinkle with ice water from watering pot, or dash it out of
basin with hand._

_Rule 5.--Dip sheet in ice water and tuck it snugly about patient._

_Rule 6.--Sprinkle outside of sheet with ice water; rub body, through
the sheet, with piece of ice. Put piece of ice to nape of neck._

_Rule 7.--When temperature falls to 98.5 deg. F. put to bed with ice cap
on head._

=SUNSTROKE.=--There are two very distinct types of sunstroke: (1) Heat
exhaustion or heat prostration. (2) Heat stroke.

Heat prostration or exhaustion occurs when persons weakened by
overwork, worry, or poor food are exposed to severe heat combined with
great physical exertion. It often attacks soldiers on the march, but
also those not exposed to the direct rays of the sun, as workers in
laundries, in boiler rooms, and in stoke-holes of steamers. The attack
begins more often in the afternoon or evening, in the case of those
exposed to out-of-door heat. Feelings of weakness, dizziness, and
restlessness, accompanied by headache, are am