orm Bill was adopted by a vote of 339 to
217. At the date of writing (October, 1912) the measure is pending in
the Senate. The bill as passed in the Chamber comprises essentially
the Briand proposals of 1910.[486] Through the revival of _scrutin de
liste_, with a large department or a group of small ones as the electoral
area, and with the device of representation of minorities added, (p. 324)
the measure, in the event of its probable final enactment, will
largely transform the conditions under which the parliamentary
elections of to-day are conducted.

[Footnote 486: The most systematic account of the
electoral franchise in France since 1789 is A.
Tecklenburg, Die Entwickelung des Wahlrechts in
Frankreich seit 1789 (Tuebingen, 1911). The French
electoral system is described at length in E.
Pierre, Code des elections politiques (Paris,
1893); Chaute-Grellet, Traite des elections, 2
vols. (Paris, 1897); M. Block, Dictionnaire de
l'administration francaise (5th ed., Paris, 1905),
I., 1208-1244. The literature of the subject of
electoral reform is very extensive. Mention may be
made of C. Benoist, Pour la reforme electorale
(Paris, 1908); J. L. Chardon, La reforme electorale
en France (Paris, 1910); J. L. Breton, La reforme
electorale (Paris, 1910); C. Francois, La
representation des interets dans les corps elus
(Paris, 1900); F. Faure, La legislature qui finit
et la reforme electorale, in _Revue Politique et
Parlementaire_, Dec. 10, 1909; Marion, Comment
faire la reforme electorale; ibid., Feb. 10 and
March 10, 1910; M. Deslanders, La reforme
electorale, ibid., July 10, 1910; A. Varenne, La
reforme electorale d'abord, ibid., Nov. 10, 1910;
G. Lachapelle, La discussion du projet de reforme
electorale, ibid., May 10, 1912; F. Faure, Le vote
de la reforme electorale, ibid., Aug. 10, 1912
(contains the text of the Electoral Law); L.
Milhac, Les partis politiques francais dans leur
p