f the
leeks in oil, etc. In another instance _coctura_ may
mean our modern _reduction_.

[3] The fruit to be used here has not been
satisfactorily identified. The texts have _citrium_ and
_citrum_--a sweet squash or cucumber--perhaps even a
melon, but not the citron, the _mala citrea_ as read by
List. This specimen is hard to identify because of the
many varieties in the cucumber, squash and the citrus
families. _Citrus_, as a matter of fact, is but a
corruption of _cedrus_, the cedar tree.

We are not sure whether this fruit is to be stuffed with
the ragout and then baked, as is often the custom to do
with such shells; the texts prescribes distinctly to
hollow out the fruit.

The title, implying a "sweet dish" is obviously wrong.

It may be remarked here that Apicius makes no mention of
that marvelous citrus fruit, the lemon, nor of the
orange, both of which are indispensable to modern
cookery.

[169] MINUTAL OF FRUIT
_MINUTAL EX PRAECOQUIS_

IN A SAUCE PAN PUT OIL, BROTH AND WINE, FINELY CUT SHALLOTS, DICED
COOKED PORK SHOULDER. WHEN THIS IS COOKED, CRUSH PEPPER, CUMIN, DRY
MINT, DILL, MOISTEN WITH HONEY, BROTH, RAISIN WINE [and] A LITTLE
VINEGAR, SOME OF THE GRAVY OF THE ABOVE MORSELS, ADD FRUITS THE SEEDS
OF WHICH HAVE BEEN TAKEN OUT, LET BOIL, WHEN THOROUGHLY COOKED, SKIM,
BIND, SPRINKLE WITH PEPPER AND SERVE [1].

[1] This, rather than {Rx} No. 168, deserves the title,
Sweet Minutal, for it is practically the same, with the
addition of the fruit.

[170] MINUTAL OF HARE'S LIVERS
_MINUTAL LEPORINUM_

THE WAY TO MAKE A MINUTAL OF HARE'S GIBLETS MAY BE FOUND AMONG THE
HARE RECIPES [1].

[170a] IN A SAUCE PAN PUT OIL, BROTH AND WINE, FINELY CUT SHALLOTS,
DICED COOKED PORK SHOULDER. WHEN THIS IS COOKED, CRUSH PEPPER, CUMIN,
DRY MINT, DILL, MOISTEN WITH HONEY, BROTH, RAISIN WINE [and] A LITTLE
VINEGAR, SOME OF THE GRAVY OF THE ABOVE MORSELS, ADD SEEDLESS FRUITS,
LET BOIL, WHEN THOROUGHLY COOKED, SKIM, BIND, SPRINKLE WITH PEPPER AND
SERVE.

[1] {Rx} No. 386, Book VIII is one of these recipes.
This is one of the few instances where the ancient
original makes any reference to any other part of the
Apicius book.* After this bare reference, the original
proceeds to repeat the text of the preceding formula
verbatim.

* Cf. {Rx} No. 165.

Brandt suggests a new title for [170