uth be fled,--

instead of "shall flee." Or for the imperfect (O. vi. 86):--

Where truly were the unfailing cisterns, and bright water
wells up free from beneath,--

instead of "welled up." And the future for the present (O. i. 24):--

Abiding some, where Hyperion will sink; and some, where
he rises.

Or in place of the past (O. v. 300):--

I fear that indeed the goddess may spake all things truly.

And the voices are often changed. Instead of the active, the passive and
middle are often used, as (I. i. 194):--

A great sword is drawn from its sheath,--

instead of "he drew." And (I. xiii. 4):--

His keen glance turning to view,--instead of "seeing."

And, on the other hand, the active instead of the passive:--

I shall give a tripod with a golden handle,--instead of
"shall be given."

It can be seen how he changes numbers, putting the plural for the
singular as often happens in common speech when one speaks of himself as
if of several, as in the following (O. i. 10):--

Of these things, goddess daughter of Zeus, from whatsoever
source thou wilt declare even to us,--

instead of "to me."

We find with him a change of persons of one sort, as (I. v. 877):--

The other gods, who in Olympus dwell,
Are to thee obedient and we are submissive.

For since there are many gods, among whom is the person speaking, both
classes are well indicated by saying, "they are obedient" and "we are
submissive." In another way leaving the person who is spoken of, he
changes from one to another. This is called specifically Apostrophe, and
affects us by its emotional character and stimulates the hearer, as in
the following stanza (I. xv. 346):--

While loudly Hector to the Trojans called
To assail the ships and leave the bloody spoils
Whom I elsewhere and from the ships aloof
Shall find,--

changing from the narrative to direct discourse. In the narration itself
he often uses Apostrophe (I. xx. 2.):

Round thee eager for the fray stood the sons of Greece.

But he makes use of direct narrative and change of persons, as in the
following passage (I. ii. 337):--

Like children, Grecian warriors, ye debate
Like babes to whom unknown are feats of arms.
Atrides thou, as is thy wont, maintain
Unchang'd thy counsel; for the stubborn fight
Array the Greeks.

There is another kind of this Apostrophe (I. ii. 34