high and low lands which belonged to Salatis, literally, or
that the Thebans, after submitting at first, subsequently
refused to pay tribute, thus provoking a war.

**** Manetho here speaks of Assyrians; this is an error
which is to be explained by the imperfect state of
historical knowledge in Greece at the time of the Macedonian
supremacy. We need not for this reason be led to cast doubt
upon the historic value of the narrative: we must remember
the suzerainty which the kings of Babylon exercised over
Syria, and read _Chaldaeans_ where Manetho has written
_Assyrians_. In Herodotus "Assyria" is the regular term for
"Babylonia," and Babylonia is called "the land of the
Assyrians."

From the natives of the Delta, who were temporarily paralysed by their
reverses, he had, for the moment, little to fear: restricting himself,
therefore, to establishing forts at the strategic points in the Nile
valley in order to keep the Thebans in check, he led the main body of
his troops to the frontier on the isthmus. Pacific immigrations had
already introduced Asiatic settlers into the Delta, and thus prepared
the way for securing the supremacy of the new rulers; in the midst of
these strangers, and on the ruins of the ancient town of Hawarit-Avaris,
in the Sethro'ifce nome--a place connected by tradition with the myth
of Osiris and Typhon--Salatis constructed an immense entrenched camp,
capable of sheltering two hundred and forty thousand men. He visited it
yearly to witness the military manoeuvres, to pay his soldiers, and
to preside over the distribution of rations. This permanent garrison
protected him from a Chaldaean invasion, a not unlikely event as long as
Syria remained under the supremacy of the Babylonian kings; it furnished
his successors also with an inexhaustible supply of trained soldiers,
thus enabling them to complete the conquest of Lower Egypt. Years
elapsed before the princes of the south would declare themselves
vanquished, and five kings--Anon, Apachnas, Apophis I., Iannas, and
Asses--passed their lifetime "in a perpetual warfare, desirous of
tearing up Egypt to the very root." These Theban kings, who were
continually under arms against the barbarians, were subsequently classed
in a dynasty by themselves, the XVth of Manetho, but they at last
succumbed to the invader, and Asses became master of the entire country.
His successors in their turn formed