's Bible
called the "Great English Bible:" and the version of the Psalms
follows the Gallican Psalter, the second of the revisions made
by Jerome from the Old Latin. See below, No. 4.

2. How early the _ante-Hieronymian_ Latin version (that current before
the days of _Hieronymus_, that is, _Jerome_), was executed is unknown;
but the writings of Tertullian furnish satisfactory proof that it was in
popular use in North Africa (the place where it was made) in the last
quarter of the second century. According to the testimony of the ancient
church fathers, its text existed in a great variety of forms, and the
same variety has come down to us in the old manuscripts that contain it.
Some, indeed, have maintained that several independent versions existed.
But the sum of the evidence from both the early fathers and the
manuscripts goes to show that there was never more than one that could
be called independent. The copies of this were subjected to multiplied
emendations or revisions from the Greek original, till the text had
fallen in the days of Augustine and Jerome into a state of great
confusion.

The language of Augustine is very strong: "The translators of
the Scriptures from the Hebrew tongue into the Greek can be
numbered, but the Latin interpreters can by no means be
numbered. For whenever, in the first ages of Christianity, any
one had gained possession of a Greek manuscript, and imagined
himself to possess some little skill in the two languages, he
ventured to become an interpreter." De Doct. Christ. 2. 16.
According to the received opinion the so-called _Itala_
(_Italian_) was not an independent version, but one of these
revisions, apparently made in Italy, and as some think, under
ecclesiastical auspices. This, Augustine recommends as more
faithful and perspicuous than the rest.

3. The _canon_ of the Old Latin version seems to have wanted, in the New
Testament, Hebrews, James, and 2 Peter. In the Old Testament it followed
the Septuagint. It contained, therefore, the apocryphal books of that
version, to which was also added the second of Esdras. Appendix to Pt.
2, No. 6. The _text_ of this version is known to us from two sources,
quotations and manuscripts. For our knowledge of the Old Testament we
are dependent mainly on the quotations of the early Latin fathers, since
only a few fragments remain in the shape of manuscripts. The same is
true of some pa