sed only three small
docks, and the shipping belonging to the port amounted to only 236
vessels. At present upwards of 10,000 vessels belong to the port; while
the ships entered outwards and inwards number upwards of 30,000, with a
burden of more than four million tons. We went on board a training-ship
for poor boys taken from the streets, to fit them for becoming seamen in
the merchant service. There is also another ship to prepare officers,
conducted on the same principle as that of the Worcester in the Thames.
We then pulled on board a large Australian emigrant ship about to sail.
She carried three classes of passengers. The first had very handsome
cabins surrounding the saloon, which was fitted up in a luxurious style.
On the deck below there were the second-class passengers, whose cabins
were comfortable, but confined, and their mess-cabin was rather small
for the number of people to occupy it. The larger part of the lower
deck was fitted with rough wooden berths, partitioned off for each
family, one sleeping-place being above the other, and a small space in
front for the people to dress in. There was an after division occupied
by the single women, who had a matron to superintend them; while the
single men were also in a division by themselves. They were all under
the care of a surgeon. There was a schoolmaster, to teach those who
wished to learn during the voyage, and to act as chaplain. Constables
were selected from amongst the most respectable of the married men,
whose duty it was to keep order, and to see that the rules and
regulations were properly observed. Of course, with so many people
crowded together, it is highly necessary that cleanliness should be
attended to. The ship was getting under weigh, and the people who had
come to see their relatives and friends off were ordered into their
boats. We witnessed many pathetic scenes. There was much fluttering of
handkerchiefs as the boats pulled away, while the women crowded the
sides, and the men climbed up into the shrouds and waved their hats.
The moorings were slipped, the tug began puffing and snorting, and the
stout ship commenced her voyage half round the world, bearing away many
who were never again to see their native shores. Many thousands of
people thus leave Liverpool for Australia, New Zealand, or the Cape, as
well as for Canada, the United States, and South America, every year.

It took us four days to obtain even a cursory view of Liv