ankind is inevitably our affair, as well as the
affair of the nations of Europe and of Asia." In his address to the
senate of January 22, 1917, he said: "I am proposing, as it were, that
the nations should with one accord adopt the doctrine of President
Monroe as the doctrine of the world--that no nation should seek to
extend its policy over any other nation or people, but that every people
should be left free to determine its own policy, its own way of
development, unhindered, unthreatened, unafraid, the little along with
the great and powerful." This was a modifying and enlarging of the
doctrine, as well as a departure from Washington's warning against
becoming entangled with the affairs of Europe.

CHAPTER V

HUNS SWEEPING WESTWARD

TOWARD SHORES OF ATLANTIC--SPREAD RUIN AND DEVASTATION--CAPITALS OF
CIVILIZATION ALARMED--ACTIVITIES OF SPIES--APOLOGIES AND LIES--GERMAN
ARMS WINNING--GAIN TIME TO FORGE NEW WEAPONS--FEW VICTORIES FOR
ALLIES--ROUMANIA CRUSHED--INCIDENT OF U-53.

The powerful thrusts of the German armies toward the English channel and
the Atlantic ocean, the pitiless submarine policy, and the fact that
Germany and Austria had allied with them Bulgaria and Turkey, began to
spread alarm in the non-belligerent nations of the world.

That Germany was playing a Machiavellian policy against the United
States soon became evident. After each submarine outrage would come an
apology, frequently a promise of reparation and an agreement not to
repeat the offense, with no intention, however, of keeping faith in any
respect. As a mask for their duplicity, the Germans even sent a message
of sympathy for the loss of American lives through the sinking of the
Lusitania; which but intensified the state of mind in this country.

Less than three weeks after the Lusitania outrage the American steamship
Nebraskan was attacked (May 25) by a submarine. The American steamship
Leelanaw was sunk by submarines July 25. The White Star liner Arabic was
sunk by a submarine August 19; sixteen victims, two American.

Our government received August 24 a note from the German ambassador
regarding the sinking of the Arabic. It stated that the loss of American
lives was contrary to the intention of the German government and was
deeply regretted. On September 1 Ambassador von Bernstorff supplemented
the note with a letter to Secretary Lansing giving assurance that German
submarines would sink no more liners.

The Allan liner