ach there is a bridge of boats at Dera Gopipur on the main road
from Jalandhar and Hoshyarpur to Dharmsala. Elsewhere in the south of
Kangra the traveller can cross without difficulty on a small bed
supported on inflated skins. Sweeping round the northern end of the
Siwaliks the Bias, having after long parting again approached within
about fifteen miles of the Ravi, turns definitely to the south, forming
henceforth the dividing line between Hoshyarpur and Kapurthala (left
bank) and Gurdaspur and Amritsar (right). Finally above the Harike ferry
at a point where Lahore, Amritsar, Ferozepur, and Kapurthala nearly
meet, it falls into the Sutlej. The North Western Railway crosses it by
a bridge near the Bias station and at the same place there is a bridge
of boats for the traffic on the Grand Trunk Road. The chief affluents
are the Chakki, the torrent which travellers to Dharmsala cross by a
fine bridge twelve miles from the railhead at Pathankot, and the Black
Bein in Hoshyarpur and Kapurthala. The latter is a winding drainage
channel, which starts in a swamp in the north of the Hoshyarpur
district. The Bias has a total course of 390 miles. Only for about
eighty miles or so is it a true river of the plains, and its floods do
not spread far.

~The Sutlej.~--The Sutlej is the Shatadru of Vedic hymns and the Zaradros
of Greek writers. The peasant of the Panjab plains knows it as the Nili
or Ghara. After the Indus it is the greatest of Panjab rivers, and for
its source we have to go back to the Manasarowar lakes in Tibet. From
thence it flows for 200 miles in a north-westerly direction to the
British frontier near Shipki. A little beyond the Spiti river brings it
the drainage of the large tract of that name in Kangra and of part of
Western Tibet. From Shipki it runs for forty miles in deep gorges
through Kunawar in the Bashahr State to Chini, a beautiful spot near the
Wangtu bridge, where the Hindustan-Tibet road crosses to the left bank.
A little below Chini the Baspa flows in from the southeast. The fall
between the source and Chini is from 15,000 to 7500 feet. There is
magnificent cliff scenery at Rogi in this reach. Forty miles below Chini
the capital of Bashahr, Rampur, on the south bank, is only 3300 feet
above sea level. There is a second bridge at Rampur, and from about this
point the river becomes the boundary of Bashahr and Kulu, the route to
which from Simla passes over the Luri bridge (2650 feet) below Narkanda.
Bey