political party, and is changed
with the Cabinet.

On the whole, the best thing for democracy is that the paid workers in
politics should be as few as possible, and the number of salaried state
officials strictly limited. The fewer the paid political workers, the fewer
people will be concerned to maintain the efficiency of the political
machine, and the more freely will the electorate act in the choice of its
representatives. The fewer the salaried officials of State, the less
inspection and restriction, and the less encouragement to habits of
submission in the people. Democracy must depend on a healthy, robust sense
of personal responsibility in its citizens, and every increase in the
inspectorate tends to diminish this personal responsibility, and to breed a
"servile state" that will fall a willing prey to tyranny and bureaucracy.

Nevertheless, whilst in self-defence democracy will avoid increasing its
officials, it will distinguish between officials and employees. It is bound
to add to the number of its employees every year, as its municipal and
imperial responsibilities grow steadily larger, and these employees,
rightly regarded as public servants, cannot threaten to become our masters.

WORKING-CLASS ASCENDANCY

Still one more danger to democracy may be mentioned, and that is the notion
that from the working class must necessarily come our best rulers.

"Rulers are not wise by reason of their number or their poverty, or their
reception of a weekly wage instead of a monthly salary or yearly income. It
is worse and more unpleasant and more dangerous to be ruled by many fools
than by one fool, or a few fools. The tyranny of an ignorant and cowardly
mob is a worse tyranny than the tyranny of an ignorant and cowardly clique
or individual.

"Workers are not respectable or to be considered because they work more
with their hands or feet than with their brains, but because the work they
do is good. If it is not good work they do, they are as unprofitable as any
other wasters. A plumber is not a useful or admirable creature because he
plumbs (if he plumbs ignorantly or dishonestly, he is often either a
manslayer or a murderer), but because he plumbs well, and saves the
community from danger and damp, disease, and fire and water. Makers of
useless machine-made ornaments are, however 'horny-handed,' really
'anti-social persons,' baneful to the community as far as their bad work
goes; more baneful, possibly, than the con