ance doctrine in Scottish literature. Careful study of the
text will not support this view. Douglas is in all important respects
even more of a medievalist than his contemporaries; and, like Henryson
and Dunbar, strictly a member of the allegorical school and a follower,
in the most generous way, of Chaucer's art. There are several early MSS.
of the _Aeneid_ extant: (a) in the library of Trinity College,
Cambridge, c. 1525, (b) the Elphynstoun MS. in the library of the
university of Edinburgh, c. 1525, (c) the Ruthven MS. in the same
collection, c. 1535, (d) in the library of Lambeth Palace, 1545-1546.
The first printed edition appeared in London in 1553. An Edinburgh
edition was issued from the press of Thomas Ruddiman in 1710.

For Douglas's career see, in addition to the public records and
general histories, Bishop Sage's _Life_ in Ruddiman's edition, and
that by John Small in the first volume of his edition of the _Works of
Gavin_ _Douglas_ (4 vols., 1874, the only collected edition of
Douglas's works). A new edition of the texts is much to be desired. On
Douglas's place in Scottish literature see SCOTLAND: _Scottish
Literature_, also G. Gregory Smith's _Transition Period_ (1900) and
chapters in the _Cambridge History of English Literature_, vol. ii.
(1908). P. Lange's dissertation _Chaucer's Einfluss auf die
Originaldichtungen des Schotten Gavin Douglas_ (Halle, 1882) draws
attention to Douglas's indebtedness to Chaucer. Further discussion of
the question of Douglas's alleged Humanism will be found in
Courthope's _History of English Poetry_, i. (1895), T. F. Henderson's
_Scottish Vernacular Literature_ (1898), and J. H. Millar's _Literary
History of Scotland_ (1903). For the language of the poems see G.
Gregory Smith's _Specimens of Middle Scots_ (1902). (G. G. S.)

DOUGLAS, SIR HOWARD, Bart. (1776-1861), British general, younger son of
Admiral Sir Charles Douglas, was born at Gosport in 1776, and entered
the Royal Military Academy in 1790. He was commissioned second
lieutenant in the Royal Artillery in 1794, becoming first lieutenant a
few months later. In 1795 he was shipwrecked while in charge of a draft
for Canada, and lived with his men for a whole winter on the Labrador
coast. Soon after his return to England in 1799 he was made a
captain-lieutenant, and in the same year he married. In his regimental
service during the next few years, he was attached to all branches o