of Lanarkshire, Scotland. Pop. (1901) 1206. It is
situated on Douglas water, 3 m. from Douglas station on the branch line
from Carstairs to Ayr, 11 m. by road S.S.W. of Lanark. It is a place of
ancient aspect, bearing evident signs of decay, but possesses peculiar
interest as the original home of the great Douglas family. Of the old
castle, Scott's _Castle Dangerous_, only a tower exists. The stronghold
repeatedly changed hands during the wars waged against Edward I. for the
independence of Scotland. The modern castle is the seat of the earl of
Home. Only the choir and spire remain of the 12th-century church of St
Bride, the patron saint of the Douglases. The vault beneath the choir
was, until 1761, the burial-place of the family, and it contains a
silver case said to hold the ashes of the heart of the "good Sir James"
(1286-1330). In 1879 the choir was restored and the tombs (including
that of Sir James Douglas) repaired. David Hackston of Rathillet, the
Covenanter, is stated to have been captured in the village (in a house
still standing) after the battle of Aird's Moss in 1680. On the hill of
Auchensaugh (1286 ft.), 2-1/2 m. S.E., the Cameronians assembled in 1712
to renew the Solemn League and Covenant. This gathering, the
"Auchensaugh Wark," as it was called, led up to the secession of the
Reformed Presbyterians from the Kirk.

DOUGLASS, FREDERICK (1817-1895), American orator and journalist, was
born in Tuckahoe, Talbot county, Maryland, probably in February 1817.
His mother was a negro slave of exceptional intelligence, and his father
was a white man. Until nearly eight years of age, he was under the care
of his grandmother; then he lived for a year on the plantation of
Colonel Edward Lloyd, of whose vast estate his master, Captain Aaron
Anthony, was manager. After a year he was sent to Baltimore, where he
lived in the family of Hugh Auld, whose brother, Thomas, had married the
daughter of Captain Anthony; Mrs Auld treated him with marked kindness
and without her husband's knowledge began teaching him to read. With
money secretly earned by blacking boots he purchased his first book, the
_Columbian Orator_; he soon learned to write "free passes" for runaway
slaves. Upon the death of Captain Anthony in 1833, he was sent back to
the plantation to serve Thomas Auld, who hired him out for a year to one
Edward Covey, who had a wide reputation for disciplining slaves, but who
did not break Frederick's spirit. Althou