ty years, of the Massachusetts association for thirty years
and of the New England association for nearly forty years. He traveled
all over the country organizing suffrage societies, getting up
conventions and addressing Legislatures. He attended the Republican
national conventions year after year trying to get a suffrage plank
and in 1872 secured a mild one in the national platform and a strong
one in that of Massachusetts. He took part in constitutional amendment
campaigns in Kansas, Vermont, Colorado, Michigan, Rhode Island and
South Dakota. In 1889, when Washington, Montana and North Dakota were
about to enter the Union as States, he attended the constitutional
convention of each to urge equal suffrage. He was an editor of the
_Woman's Journal_ from its founding in 1870 till his death. An able
writer, an eloquent speaker, he was widely beloved for his kindness,
humor and geniality.

Mrs. Emmeline Pankhurst, the leader of the "militant" suffragettes of
England, visited Boston this year. She was met at the station by the
suffragists with automobiles and flags and was taken through the
streets to the headquarters--Boston's first suffrage procession--and
later addressed in Tremont Temple a huge audience, critical at first,
highly enthusiastic at the close. A reception was given by prominent
suffragists to Miss Ethel M. Arnold of England, and there were
lectures by her and Mrs. Charlotte Perkins Gilman; a series of
"petition teas" and meetings addressed by Dr. Shaw, Miss Leonora
O'Reilly, a labor leader of New York; Judge Ben Lindsey of Denver;
Charles Edward Russell, the Rev. Thomas Cuthbert Hall; and by Mrs.
Snowden, Dr. Stanton Coit and the Misses Rendell and Costello, all of
England.

In June the first of the open-air meetings that later became so
important a feature of the campaign was held on the Common at Bedford.
The speakers were Mrs. FitzGerald, Mrs. Leonora S. Little, Mrs. Mary
Ware Dennett, Mrs. Katharine Dexter McCormick and Mrs. Crowley. The
attendance was small; people were shy at first of seeming to
countenance such an innovation but the crowds grew as the meetings
continued and it was found to be the best if not the only way to reach
the mass of voters. A summer campaign of 97 open-air meetings was
held, the speakers traveling mainly by trolley, covering a large part
of the State and reaching about 25,000 persons.[82] Suffrage buttons
and literature were distributed, posters put up, and sometimes mammo