ounced that
if the amendment should be adopted in Michigan, foreign born women
would have to take out naturalization papers at a large price. This
and the Royal Ark, an association of 1,100 liquor dealers in Detroit,
were the only organizations in the State to pass resolutions against
the amendment. A Men's Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage was
organized on March 15 at a meeting in the University Club; President,
Charles A. Kent; vice-president, William A. Livingston, Jr.;
treasurer, Garvin Denby; secretary, Henry C. Bulkley. A well known
lawyer, William E. Heinze, wrote very bitter articles for the press
and undoubtedly influenced the German-American vote. The Rev. Wm.
Byron Forbush, pastor of the North Woodward Congregational Church,
spoke at anti-suffrage meetings.

On March 29, with the election less than a week away, John Dohrinan
and Senator James R. Murtha, representing Mr. Livingston, and Carl
Bauer of the Staatterbund appeared before the Circuit Court with a
petition to have the suffrage amendment printed on a separate ballot.
The Court denied the petition. The case was immediately carried to the
State Supreme Court which decided that all amendments must be on
separate ballots.

Necessarily the campaign was short for the vote was to be taken April
7. Unlike the one preceding, three-fourths of the financial support
came from without the State. Mrs. Ida Porter Boyer of Pennsylvania was
engaged for press and executive work. The National Association
furnished speakers, among them its president, Dr. Shaw, Mrs. Carrie
Chapman Catt, Mrs. Park, Mrs. Celia J. White, Mrs. Susan W.
FitzGerald, Mrs. Glendower Evans, Mrs. Priscilla D. Hackstaff, Mrs.
Ella S. Stewart, Miss Doris Stevens, Mrs. Clara Laddey, Mrs. Clara
Bewick Colby and Mrs. Beatrice Forbes Robertson Hale. Miss Laura Clay
came from Kentucky at her own expense. The State was organized by
counties and the speaking and circularizing were done under the
immediate direction of the county chairmen. In the report of Mrs. Edna
S. Blair, chairman of organization, she stated that there were but
eight counties in the State which had no working committees and only
three of these were in the Lower Peninsula, their total voting
strength being less than 2,500. The amendment was defeated by 96,144,
receiving 168,738 ayes, 264,882 noes. Her analysis of the vote,
prepared from county returns, showed that there was a gain of a little
more than 16,000 negative votes over th