water, the planter's dwelling of brick or wood. Around it grew up
the typical outhouses, household offices, and storerooms; farther away
yet clustered the cabin quarters alike of slaves and indentured labor.
Then stretched the fields of corn and wheat, the fields of tobacco.
Here, at river or bay side, was the home wharf or landing. Here the
tobacco was rolled in casks; here rattled the anchor of the ship
that was to take it to England and bring in return a thousand and one
manufactured articles. There were no factories in Maryland or Virginia.
Yet artisans were found among the plantation laborers--"carpenters,
coopers, sawyers, blacksmiths, tanners, curriers, shoemakers, spinners,
weavers, and knitters." Throughout the colonies, as in every new
country, men and women, besides being agriculturists, produced homemade
much that men, women, and children needed. But many other articles and
all luxuries came in the ships from overseas, and the harvest of the
fields paid the account.

CHAPTER XIV. THE CAROLINAS

The first settlers on the banks of the James River, looking from beneath
their hands southward over plain land and a haze of endless forests,
called that unexplored country South Virginia. It stretched away to
those rivers and bays, to that island of Roanoke, whence had fled
Raleigh's settlers. Beyond that, said the James River men, was Florida.
Time passed, and the region of South Virginia was occasionally spoken of
as Carolina, though whether that name was drawn from Charles the First
of England, or whether those old unfortunate Huguenots in Florida had
used it with reference to Charles the Ninth of France, is not certainly
known.

South Virginia lay huge, unknown, unsettled. The only exception was the
country immediately below the southern banks of the lower James with the
promontory that partially closed in Chesapeake Bay. Virginia, growing
fast, at last sent her children into this region. In 1653 the Assembly
enacted: "Upon the petition of Roger Green, clarke, on the behalfe
of himselfe and inhabitants of Nansemund river, It is ordered by this
present Grand Assembly that tenn thousand acres of land be granted unto
one hundred such persons who shall first seate on Moratuck or Roanoke
river and the land lying upon the south side of Choan river and the
ranches thereof, Provided that such seaters settle advantageously for
security and be sufficiently furnished with amunition and strength...."

Green and his