d, in one case a swastika and in the other a cross and four dots in a
circle forming the nave. It is interesting to compare the Athenian nos. 6
and 7, one being a swastika and the other a cross in a lozenge.(122) An
extremely curious instance of an entire decoration of a building
consisting of crosses and five-dot groups, is furnished by the cenotaph
erected by a late king in honor of Midas, king of Phrygia (fig. 72, 2),
which, curiously enough, offers much resemblance to the geometrical style
of stucco decorations of the ruins of Mitla, Mexico.(123) The presence of
the swastika on coins assigned to about B.C. 700 and its use in Greece,
where plain cross-symbols had previously been employed, naturally leads to
the inquiry as to the oldest-dated swastikas which have hitherto been
found in Greece and Egypt.

In his important work on the subject already referred to, Prof. Thomas
Wilson (_op. cit._ pp. 806 and 833), cites the opinions of Prof. Max
Mueller and Count Goblet d'Alviella as agreeing with that of Waring, who
states that "the swastika is sought for in vain in Babylonia, Assyria and
Phoenicia," and "had no foothold in Egypt." The same authority says that:
"the only sign approaching the fylfot in Egyptian hieroglyphics ... is not
very similar to our fylfot ... and forms one of the hieroglyphs of Isis"
(Ceramic Art in Remote Ages, p. 82). On the other hand, Professor Goodyear
says (Grammar of the Lotus, p. 356): "The earliest dated swastikas,
hitherto found in Egypt, occur on the foreign Cyprian and Carian [?]
pottery fragments of the time of the twelfth dynasty [B.C. 2466-2266]
discovered by Mr. Flinders Petrie in 1889. In the Third Memoir of the
Egypt Exploration Fund, Prof. Flinders Petrie published illustrations of
Greek vases showing unmistakable swastikas which, though found at
Naukratis in Egypt, are not Egyptian, but Greek."

The only other examples of the swastika in Egypt cited by Prof. Thomas
Wilson are those woven on Coptic grave cloths made of linen and reproduced
in "Die Graeber- und Textilfunde von Achmim-Panopolis by R. Forrer." These
grave cloths pertained to the Christian Greeks who migrated from their
country during the first centuries of our era and settled in Upper Egypt,
in Coptos and the surrounding cities. I am able to add another instance of
the employment of the swastika in Egypt, which, although of Coptic origin,
attaches itself to ancient Egypt.

I have already pointed out that, in Lepsiu