conjectures on this point, however, a number of other
questions must be investigated. One fact, however, stands out quite
clearly: Whereas in figure 73, _b_, we have the rudimentary form of the
quadruplicate symbol, closely resembling that which was already ancient
and almost obsolete in Babylonia in the ninth century B.C. and pertained
to a cult of Shamash, the North and Heaven, which had flourished in that
country about 1850 B.C., the Great Cosmical Stone of Mexico represents the
highly advanced development and elaboration of the identical cult, as
actually established there until the year 1519 of our era.

Pausing here and looking back upon the foregoing summary of the universal
spread of identical forms of social organization and of rituals suggested
by the use of the fire-drill, in association with a primitive pole-star
cult, there are a few distinct and unrelated points which claim special
attention: First of all, the identity in the form of the fire-altar and
the cult of the fire-socket, among the Maghas and Nahushas of India and
the Mayas and Nahuas of Yucatan and Mexico. Secondly, the striking
resemblance of plan and numerical scheme which unquestionably existed
between the ideal "divine polities," recorded by Plato, and the states
which actually existed, of ancient Peru and Mexico. It is impossible to
read Plato's scheme of an all-pervading division into 12, and his plan for
the laying out of the capital and state and not to recognize the fact
that, in Peru, as set forth on pp. 133-149 of the present work, these
identical principles were actually carried out by the alien Incas who, in
comparatively modern times, collected the natives together and organized
them into a settled community. Thirdly, the undeniable fact that the
numerical scheme of the Maya and Mexican Calendar and state-organization
is identical with that adopted by Constantine, in establishing New Rome.

Postponing a closer examination of these points until further on, let us
now continue our comparative review.

The universal spread of the identical scheme of organization, vouched for
by documentary evidence, is further demonstrated by the results of
archaeological and historical research and a comparative study of ancient
symbolism. Thus it is impossible not to admit the striking and deep-seated
analogy between the Assyrian four-fold division of city and state, the
title "lord of the four regions" and the image of Shamash, the
"four-spoked wh