ovisions for one year and was all conveyed in two
pentekonters--armed ships with fifty rowers each. Thus humble was the start
of the mighty Kyrene. After six years residence in one spot they abandoned
it and were conducted to a better site by guides, saying: 'Here, men of
Hellas, is the place for you to dwell, for here the sky is
perforated.' "(144) The small force brought over by Battus was enabled at
first to fraternize with the indigenous Libyans,--next, reinforced by
additional colonists and availing themselves of the power of native
chiefs, to overawe and subjugate them....

"The Theraean colonists seem to have married Libyan wives, whence Herodotus
describes the women of Kyrene and Barka as following, even in his time,
religious observances indigenous and not Hellenic. Even the descendants of
the primitive oekist Battus were semi-Libyan.... We must bear in mind that
the population of the [Graeco-Libyan] cities was not pure Greek, but more
or less mixed, like that of the colonies in Italy, Sicily or Ionia....
Isokrates praises the well-chosen site of the colony of Kyrene because it
was planted in the midst of indigenous natives apt for subjection and far
distant from any formidable enemies.... We are then to conceive the first
Theraean colonists as established in their lofty fortified post Kyrene, in
the centre of Libyan Perioeki, till then strangers to walls, to arts and
perhaps even to cultivated land.... To these rude men the Theraeans
communicated the elements of Hellenism and civilization, not without
receiving themselves much that was non-Hellenic in return, and perhaps the
reactionary influence of the Libyan element against the Hellenic might
have proved the stronger of the two had they not been reinforced by
new-comers from Greece.... About 543 B.C. owing to discontent, etc., the
regal prerogative of the Battiad line was terminated and a republican
government established; the dispossessed prince retaining both the landed
domains and various sacerdotal functions which had belonged to his
predecessors."

ROME.

Seven hills, seven places of worship, septemvirate, seven ministers,
Septizonium, p. 464.

Roman quadrata, Janus quadrifrontis, quadruplicate territorial division
carried out. Palestine, for instance, divided into four tetrarchies under
Roman rule.

Twelve gods, twelve months, etc.

New Rome divided into four parts, each consisting of thirteen prefectures
_i. e._ fifty-two prefectures in all.