investigation of the past. As to the epoch of man's first
appearance, we found he could not be expected to appear until all the
animals lower than he had made their appearance. This is so because the
Creator of all has apparently chosen that method of procedure in the
development of life on the globe. According to our present knowledge,
man might have been living in the Miocene Age, and with a higher degree
of probability in the Pliocene. But we can not say that the evidence
adduced in favor of his existence at these early times is satisfactory
to the majority of our best thinkers. All agree that he was living
in Europe at the close of the Glacial Age, and we think the evidence
sufficient to show that he preceded the glaciers, and that as a rude
savage he lived in Europe throughout the long extended portion of time
known as the Glacial Age.

We also found evidence of either two distinct races of men inhabiting
Europe in the Paleolithic Age, or else tribes of the same race, widely
different in time and in culture. The one people known as the men of the
River Drift apparently invaded Europe from Asia, along with the species
of temperate animals now living there. This people seem to have been
widely scattered over the earth. The race has probably vanished away,
though certain Australian tribes may be descendants of them. They were
doubtless very low in the scale of humanity, having apparently never
reached a higher state than that of Lower Savagism. The second race of
men inhabiting Europe during the Paleolithic Age were the Cave-dwellers.
They seem to have been allied to the Eskimos of the North. They were
evidently further advanced than the Drift men, but were still savages.

The Paleolithic Age in Europe seems to have terminated with the Glacial
Age. But we are not to suppose it came to an end all over the earth at
that time. On the contrary, some tribes of men never passed beyond that
stage. When the light of civilization fell upon them they were still in
the culture of the old Stone Age. We are to notice that in such cases
the tribes thus discovered were very low in the scale. The probable data
for the Paleolithic Age have formed the subject of this chapter. While
claiming in support of them the opinions of some eminent scholars, we
freely admit that it is not a settled question, but open to very grave
objections, especially the date of the close of the Glacial Age, which
seems to have been comparatively recent, at l