nvestigation of the men of the River Drift. We see
how, by researches of careful scholars, our knowledge of the past has
been enlarged. Though there are many points which are as yet hidden in
darkness, we are enabled to form quite a clear mental picture of this
early race. Out of the darkness which still enshrouds the continent
of Asia we see these bands of savages wandering forth; some to Europe,
Africa, and the west; others to America and the east.

This was at a time when slowly falling temperature but dimly prophesied
a reign of arctic cold, still far in the future. This race does not
seem to have had much capacity for advancement, since ages came and went
leaving him in the same low state. During the climax of glacial cold he
doubtless sought the southern coasts of Europe along with the temperate
species of animals. But whenever the climatic conditions were such
that these animals could find subsistence as far north as England
he accompanied them there, and so his remains are found constantly
associated with theirs throughout Europe. Though doubtless very low in
the scale, and at the very foot of the ladder of human progress, we
are acquainted with no facts connecting them with the higher orders
of animals. If such exists, we must search for them further back in
geological time. The men of the River Drift were distinctively human
beings, and as such possessed those qualities which, developing
throughout the countless ages that have elapsed, have advanced man to
his present high position.

REFERENCES

(1) This chapter was submitted to Prof. G. F. Wright, of
Oberlin, for criticism.
(2) Lyell's "Antiquity of Man;" Geikie's "Prehistoric Europe,"
p. 332.
(3) It is, however, applicable to only a portion of the
Quaternary, or Post-tertiary period. (Wright.)
(4) Chapter II.
(5) Geikie's "Prehistoric Europe," p. 339.
(6) Dawkins's "Cave Hunting," p. 365.
(7) Dawkins's "Early Man in Britain," p. 112.
(8) Geikie's "Prehistoric Europe," p. 337.
(9) The majority of the Pliocene animals disappeared from Europe
at the close of the period in question. This includes such
animals as the mastodon, hipparion, and many kinds of deer
(Geikie's "Prehistoric Europe," p. 334). The following animals
survived into the Glacial Age, and some even into Inter-glacial
periods: African hippopotamus (still living), saber-toothed
lion, bear of Auvergne,