Gerber, La
condition de l'Alsace-Lorraine dans l'Empire
allemand (Lille, 1906), and L'Administration en
Alsace-Lorraine, in _Revue du Droit Public_,
Oct.-Dec, 1909. On the problem of reform and the
legislation of 1911 see R. Henry, La question
d'Alsace-Lorraine, in _Questions Diplomatiques et
Coloniales_, Feb. 1 and March 16, 1904; P. Braun,
Alsace-Lorraine--La reforme de la constitution,
ibid., Nov. 16, 1905, and Jan. 1, 1906;
Alsace-Lorraine en 1908, ibid., March 1, 1909;
Alsace-Lorraine--les preludes d'une lutte
nationale, ibid., April 16, 1910; La constitution
d'Alsace-Lorraine, ibid., March 16, 1911; A.
Wetterle, L'Autonomie de Alsace-Lorraine, in _Le
Correspondant_, Aug. 25, 1910, La nouvelle loi
constitutionnelle de l'Alsace-Lorraine, ibid., June
10, 1911, and Les elections en Alsace-Lorraine,
ibid., Nov. 25, 1911; Eccard, L'Autonomie de
l'Alsace-Lorraine, in _Revue Politique et
Parlementaire_, Nov. 10, 1910: G. Bruck, Die Reform
der Verfassung von Elsass Lothringen, in _Annalen
des deutschen Reichs_, 1911, I; and P. Heitz, La
loi constitutionnelle de l'Alsace-Lorraine du 31
mai, 1911, in _Revue du Droit Public_, July-Sept.,
1911, containing French translations of the
documents. See also _Annual Register_ for 1911,
328-332.]

PART III.--FRANCE (p. 289)

CHAPTER XV

CONSTITUTIONS SINCE 1789

I. A CENTURY OF POLITICAL INSTABILITY

Among European states of the first order there is but a single
republic. In Great Britain the conspicuous success with which monarchy
has been tempered with democracy has left the partisans of the
republican style of government slender ground upon which to stand.
Russia has as yet but partially emerged from a political status in
which monarchy is both natural and inevitable. Germany and Italy, in
days comparatively recent, achieved nationality through processes
absolutely conditioned upon monarchical leadership. And