rcle, as will appear, the two sets of functions are
discharged by the same body of officials; in the district, the
functions performed are wholly of a national, rather than a local,
character; but in the province there are not merely two sets of
functions but two entirely separate groups of officials.

*288. Provincial Organs of the Central Administration.*--For the
administration of affairs of general interest, such as police,
education, and religion, the organs within the province are (1) the
Oberpraesident, or chief president, appointed by the king to represent
the central government in the management of all such matters as
concern the entire province or reach beyond the jurisdiction of a
single Regierungsbezirk administration,[394] and (2) the
Provinzialrath, a provincial council consisting of, besides the
Oberpraesident or his representative as presiding officer, one
professional member appointed for an indefinite tenure by the Minister
of the Interior and five ordinary citizen members elected, usually for
a term of six years, by the provincial Ausschuss, or committee. The
Oberpraesident is the immediate agent of the ministry, as is the
prefect in France, though he is a more dignified and important
functionary than his French counterpart. None the less, by virtue of
the fact that most of the Oberpraesident's acts are valid only after
having been accorded the assent of a body the majority of whose
members are chosen within the province, the bureaucratic aspect of his
position is subjected to a highly important limitation.

[Footnote 394: Schulze, Das Staatsrecht des
Koenigreichs Preussen, 63.]

*289. Provincial Organs of Self-Government.*--By the side of this
official group stands another, quite independent of it, for the
control of affairs of purely local concern. Its organs comprise: (1)
the Provinzialausschuss, or provincial committee, consisting of from
seven to fourteen members elected for six years by the provincial (p. 270)
Landtag, not necessarily, but almost invariably, from its own
membership; (2) a Landeshauptmann or Landesdirektor, a salaried
executive official elected by the Landtag for six or twelve years and
confirmed by the crown; and (3) the Provinziallandtag, or provincial
assembly. The Landeshauptmann is the executive, the Provinzialausschuss
the consultative, organ of local self-administration; the
Provinziallandtag is the provincial legislature. Members