233. _Those_.--Perhaps the Anglo-Saxon _th['a]_ with s added. Perhaps
the _th['a]s_ from _this_ with its power altered. Rask, in his Anglo-Saxon
Grammar, writes "from _this_ we find, in the plural, _thaes_ for _th['a]s_.
From which afterwards, with a distinction in signification, _these_ and
_those_." The English form _they_ is illustrated by the Anglo-Saxon form
_dhage_ = _th['a]_. The whole doctrine of the forms in question has yet to
assume a satisfactory shape.

The present declension of the demonstrative pronouns is as follows:--

A.

_She_.--Defective in the oblique cases.

B.

_He_.

_Masc._ _Neut._ _Fem._
_Nom._ He It (from _hit_) --
_Acc._ Him It Her.
_Dat._ Him -- Her.
_Gen._ His -- Her.
_Secondary Gen._ -- Its Hers.

No plural form.

C.

I.

_That_.

_Neut._ _Masc._ _Fem._
_Sing. Nom._ That -- --
_Acc._ That Than, then[49] --
_Dat._ -- -- There.[49]
_Instrumental_ _Thence._
_Plur. Nom._ They.[50]
_Acc._ Them.[50]
_Gen._ Their.[50]
_Secondary Gen._ Theirs.[50]

II.

_Singular_, This. _Plural_, These.

III.

_Those_.

IV.

_The_--Undeclined.

* * * * *

CHAPTER VIII.

THE RELATIVE, INTERROGATIVE, AND CERTAIN OTHER PRONOUNS.

s. 234. In the relative and interrogative pronouns, _who_, _what_, _whom_,
_whose_, we have, expressed by a change of form, a neuter gender, _what_; a
dative case _whom_; and a genitive case, _whose_: the true power of the s
(viz., as the sign of a case) being obscured by the orthographical addition
of the e mute.

To these may be added, 1. the adverb _why_, originally the ablative form
_hvi_ (_quo modo?_ _qu[^a] vi[^a]?_). 2. The adverb _where_, a feminine
dative, like _there_. 3. _When_, a masculine accusative (in Anglo-Saxon
_hwaene_), and analogous to _then_.

The two sounds in the Danish words _hvi_, _hvad_, &c., and the two sounds
in the English, _what_, _when_ (Anglo-Saxon, _hwaet_, _hwaene_) account for
the forms _why_ and _how_. In the first the w alone, in the second the h
alone, is sounded. The Danish for _why_ is _hvi_, pronounced _vi_.

s. 235. The following remarks