The same is the case in the present Dutch of Holland: e.g., _spookster_ =
_a female fortune-teller_; _baxster_ = _a baking-woman_; _waschster_ = _a
washerwoman_. The word _spinster_ still retains its original feminine
force.

6. The words _songstress_ and _seamstress_, besides being, as far as
concerns the intermixture of languages, in the predicament of
_shepherdess_, have, moreover, a double feminine termination; 1st. -str, of
Germanic, 2nd. -ess, of classical, origin.

7. In the word _heroine_ we have a Greek termination, just as -ix is a
Latin, and -inn a German one. It must not, however, be considered as
derived from _hero_, by any process of the English language, but be dealt
with as a separate importation from the Greek language.

8. The form _deaconness_ is not wholly unexceptionable; since the
termination -ess is of Latin, the root _deacon_ of Greek origin: this Greek
origin being rendered all the more conspicuous by the spelling, _deacon_
(from _diaconos_), as compared with the Latin _decanus_.

9. _Goose, gander_.--One peculiarity in this pair of words has already been
indicated. In the older forms of the word _goose_, such as [Greek: chen],
Greek; _anser_, Latin; _gans_, German, as well as in the derived form
_gander_, we have the proofs that, originally, there belonged to the word
the sound of the letter n. In the forms [Greek: odous], [Greek: odontos],
Greek; _dens_, _dentis_, Latin; _zahn_, German; _tooth_, English, we find
the analogy that accounts for the ejection of the n, and the lengthening of
the vowel preceding. With respect, however, to the d in _gander_, it is not
easy to say whether it is inserted in one word or omitted in the other.
Neither can we give the precise power of the -er. The following forms occur
in the different Gothic dialects. _Gans_, fem.; _ganazzo_, masc., Old High
German--_g[^o]s_, f.; _gandra_, m., Anglo-Saxon--_g[^a]s_, Icelandic, f.;
_gaas_, Danish, f.; _gassi_, Icelandic, m.; _gasse_, Danish, m.--_ganser_,
_ganserer_, _gansart_, _gaenserich_, _gander_, masculine forms in different
New German dialects.

10. Observe, the form _gaenserich_, has a masculine termination. The word
_taeuberich_, in provincial New German, has the same form and the same
power. It denotes a _male dove_; _taube_, in German, signifying a _dove_.
In _gaenserich_ and _taeuberich_, we find preserved the termination -rich
(or _rik_), with a masculine power. Of this termination we have a remnant,
in Eng