's dictatorship, 259;
his adroitness in managing distinguished members of his Order, 260;
statistics of the Jesuits at Loyola's death, _ib._;
the autocracy of the General, 261;
Jesuit precepts on obedience, 263 _sq._;
addiction to Catholicism, 266;
the spiritual drill of the _Exercitia Spiritualia_, 267;
materialistic imagination, 268;
psychological adroitness of the method, 269;
position and treatment of the novice, 270;
the Jesuit Hierarchy, 271;
the General, 272;
five sworn spies to watch him, 273;
a system of espionage through the Order, 274;
position of a Jesuit, _ib._;
the Black Pope, 275;
the working of the Jesuit vow of poverty, 275 _sq._;
revision of the Constitutions by Lainez, 277;
the question about the _Monita Secreta_, 277 _sqq._;
estimate of the historical importance of the Jesuits, 280 _sq._;
their methods of mental tyranny, 281;
Jesuitical education, 282;
desire to gain the control of youth, 283;
their general aim the aggrandizement of the Order, 284;
treatment of _etudes fortes_, _ib._;
admixture of falsehood and truth, 285;
sham learning and sham art, 286;
Jesuit morality, 287;
manipulation of the conscience, 288;
casuistical ethics, 290;
system of confession and direction, 293;
political intrigues and doctrines, 294 _sqq._;
the theory of the sovereignty of the people, 296;
Jesuit connection with political plots, 297;
suspected in regard to the deaths of Popes, 298;
the Order expelled from various countries, 299 _n._;
relations of Jesuits to Rome, 299;
their lax morality in regard to homicide, 306 _n._, 314;
their support of the Interdict of Venice, ii. 198 _sqq._

JEWS, Spanish, wealth and influence of, i. 169;
adoption of Christianity, _ib._;
attacked by the Inquisition, 170;
the edict for their expulsion, 171;
its results, 172.

JULIUS II.:
results of his martial energy, i. 7.

---III., Pope (Giov. Maria del Monte), i. 101.

K

KEPLER, high opinion of Bruno's speculations held by, ii. 164.

KINGDOMS and States of Italy in 1494, enumeration of, i. 3.

L

'LA Cuccagna,' a satire by Marino, ii. 263.

LAINEZ, James, associate of Ignatius Loyola, i. 240;
his influence on the development of the Jesuits, 248;
his commentary on the Constitutions (the Directorium), 249;
his work in Venice, etc., 254;
abject submission to Loyola, 262.

LATERAN, Council of the, i. 95.

LATIN and Te