rations for crossing the Berezina 289

VI.--Circumstances which led the Russian general, Tchaplitz, into error
as to the point where Napoleon was to cross the Berezina, and
consequences of that error--Napoleon crosses that river at Studzianka on
the 27th November 299

VII.--Capture and destruction of Partouneaux's division 304

VIII.--Attack made by the Russians under Wittgenstein and Platof on the
left side, and by Tchitchakof on the right side of the Berezina, and
repelled by the French 308

IX.--The burning of the bridge over the Berezina 315

X.--Napoleon's situation during the preceding actions--Passage over the
morasses--His manners to his officers 321

XI.--Napoleon's arrival at Malodeczno--Announcement on the 3d of
December of his intention to set out for France 325

XII.--Increased severity of the winter--Partial actions of Ney and
Maison with the Russians between Pleszezenitzy and Malodeczno--Quarrel
between Ney and Victor 330

XIII.--Napoleon's arrival at Smorgony--his parting interview with his
marshals 335

BOOK XII.

CHAP. I.--Napoleon's journey from Smorgony to Paris--Impression
produced in the army by his departure--Dreadful effects of the increased
cold 339

II.--Picture of the sufferings of the army from the cold and the climate
346

III.--Arrival at Wilna--Consternation of the inhabitants--Fatal effects
of not distributing the provisions collected among the troops--State of
the wounded in the hospitals--Arrival of the Russians--Flight of
Murat--Evacuation of Wilna--Immense losses which that occasioned--Disaster
at Ponari 353

IV.--Details of Ney's mode of retreat--Losses occasioned to the Russians
by the severity of the winter--Arrival at Kowno--Ney's defence and
evacuation of that place 364

V.--First symptoms of Murat's defection--Arrival at Koenigsberg 372

VI. VII. VIII. IX.--Marshal Macdonald's retreat from Riga--Details of
the defection of the Prussian Army under Yorck