was taken because "certain persons were greatly devoted to trading,
in contravention of the pontifical decrees, and especially of
the recent constitution of Clement IX--the said enactment giving
the ordinary full authority to proceed against the transgressors,
seize their goods and property, and apply these to hospitals and
other pious purposes." Accordingly, Archbishop Pardo instituted a
secret investigation, conducted by his notary, who threatened major
excommunication (by a decree affixed to the ship's mast) for any
person who refused to tell what he might know about the aforesaid
trading. Abundant proof was found, and the goods were seized. It
is said that there were one hundred and fifty bales belonging to
the Jesuits.

[69] Probably in view of the arguments adduced by Concepcion (Hist. de
Philipinas, viii, pp. 41-43), showing that the decree of Clement IX
forbade trade to all ecclesiastics, but did not authorize the ordinary
to inflict penalties therefor on the members of the religious orders,
that being reserved to their own superiors--the ordinary, in such
cases, being empowered only to apply the confiscated goods for pious
purposes.

[70] Murillo Velarde and Concepcion give this name as Pizarraldi;
and Diaz makes it Lizarraldi.

[71] In the Dominican chapter-session of 1673, it was enacted that
no religious of that order should become executor of a deceased
person's estate, or undertake the charge of his last will. This was
to prevent risk of accusations against the friars, so general was the
dishonest administration of executorships in Manila--so much so that
it occasioned no surprise in the minds of the people, although all
complained of the grievances thus caused. "There are few fortunes
which have not some executorship as the foundation." See Salazar's
Hist. Sant. Rosario (Manila, 1742), p. 43.

[72] It had begun in 1672, in the time of Archbishop Lopez, under
whom judgment was rendered in favor of Sarmiento; but Lopez's death in
1674 prevented the execution of the sentence. Various delays ensued,
and Cordero died, being succeeded by Ortega as executor. (Salazar,
Hist. Sant. Rosario, p. 236.)

[73] Also written Carballo, Carvallo, and Caballero.

[74] Spanish dote, usually meaning "dowry;" but as the ecclesiastic
Cordero was the legatee of Dona Maria de Roa (Montero y Vidal, i,
p. 368), the word evidently means the bequest to him, perhaps for
the pious purposes mentioned later in this document.