eokuk, Pashshepaho and Black Hawk--Final discharge of the
hostages--Their return to their families--Black Hawk's visit to
Washington in 1837--His return--His personal appearance--Military
talents--Intellectual and moral character 200

CHAPTER IX.

Black Hawk at the capture of Fort Erie--At the battle
of the Thames--His account of the death of Tecumthe--His
residence and mode of life after his last visit to the
east--His Fourth of July speech at fort Madison--His death
and burial 234

APPENDIX--Sketches of the Sioux 222
Colonization of the Indians 228
Indian Dancing Ceremonies 237
Sale of Whiskey to the Indians 245

INDEX 285

HISTORY

OF THE

SAUKEE AND MUSQUAKEE NATIONS,

USUALLY CALLED THE

SAC AND FOX INDIANS.

CHAPTER I.

Origin of the Sac and Fox Indians--Removal to Green Bay--Their
subjugation of the Illini confederacy--Their attack upon St. Louis in
1779--Col. George Rogers Clark relieves the town--Governor Harrison's
letter--Maj. Forsyth's account of the conquest of the Illini--Death of
the Sac chief Pontiac--Sac and Fox village on Rock river--Description
of the surrounding country--Civil polity of the Sacs and Foxes--Legend
about their chiefs--Division of the tribes into families--Mode of
burying their dead--Idea of a future state--Their account of the
creation of the world--Marriages--Social relations--Music and musical
instruments--Pike's visit to them in 1805--Population--Character for
courage.

The word Saukee, or O-sau-kee, now written Sauk or more commonly Sac, is
derived from a compound in the Algonquin or Chippeway language,
a-saw-we-kee, which means "yellow earth." Mus-qua-kee, the name of the
Fox Indians, signifies "red earth." These two tribes have long resided
together, and now constitute one people, although there are some
internal regulations among them which tend to preserve a distinctive
name and lineage. The chiefs, on ceremonial occasions, claim to be
representatives of independent tribes, but this distinction is nominal.
For many years past the principal chief of the Sacs, has been, in fact,
the chief of the Foxes