ILLUSTRATING WALKING POWERS

Note the great length of the arms and the relative shortness of the
legs.]

[Illustration: SURFACE VIEW OF THE BRAINS OF MAN (1) AND CHIMPANZEE (2)

The human brain is much larger and heavier, more dome-like, and with
much more numerous and complicated convolutions.]

[Illustration: _Photo: New York Zoological Park._

SIDE-VIEW OF CHIMPANZEE'S HEAD.

(Compare with opposite picture.)]

[Illustration: _After a model by J. H. McGregor._

PROFILE VIEW OF HEAD OF PITHECANTHROPUS, THE JAVA APE MAN, RECONSTRUCTED
FROM THE SKULL-CAP.]

[Illustration: THE FLIPPER OF A WHALE AND THE HAND OF A MAN

In the bones and in their arrangement there is a close resemblance in
the two cases, yet the outcome is very different. The multiplication of
finger joints in the whale is a striking feature.]

Some men, oftener than women, show on the inturned margin of the
ear-trumpet or pinna, a little conical projection of great interest. It
is a vestige of the tip of the pointed ear of lower mammals, and it is
well named _Darwin's point_. It was he who described it as a "surviving
symbol of the stirring times and dangerous days of man's animal youth."

Sec. 2

Physiological Proof of Man's Relationship with a Simian Stock

The everyday functions of the human body are practically the same as
those of the anthropoid ape, and similar disorders are common to both.
Monkeys may be infected with certain microbes to which man is peculiarly
liable, such as the bacillus of tuberculosis. Darwin showed that various
human gestures and facial expressions have their counterparts in
monkeys. The sneering curl of the upper lip, which tends to expose the
canine tooth, is a case in point, though it may be seen in many other
mammals besides monkeys--in dogs, for instance, which are at some
considerable distance from the simian branch to which man's ancestors
belonged.

When human blood is transfused into a dog or even a monkey, it behaves
in a hostile way to the other blood, bringing about a destruction of the
red blood corpuscles. But when it is transfused into a chimpanzee there
is an harmonious mingling of the two. This is a very literal
demonstration of man's blood-relationship with the higher apes. But
there is a finer form of the same experiment. When the blood-fluid (or
serum) of a rabbit, which has had human blood injected into it, is
mingled with human blood, it forms a cloudy precipitate. It forms almost
as m