th benevolence which extends not only to other men but to the
humblest living creature, with his God-like intellect, which has
penetrated into the movements and constitution of the solar
system--with all these exalted powers--man still bears in his bodily
frame the indelible stamp of his lowly origin.

We should be clear that this view does not say more than that man sprang
from a stock common to him and to the higher apes. Those who are
repelled by the idea of man's derivation from a simian type should
remember that the theory implies rather more than this, namely, that man
is the outcome of a genealogy which has implied many millions of years
of experimenting and sifting--the groaning and travailing of a whole
creation. Speaking of man's mental qualities, Sir Ray Lankester says:
"They justify the view that man forms a new departure in the gradual
unfolding of Nature's predestined plan." In any case, we have to try to
square our views with the facts, not the facts with our views, and while
one of the facts is that man stands unique and apart, the other is that
man is a scion of a progressive simian stock. Naturalists have exposed
the pit whence man has been digged and the rock whence he has been hewn,
but it is surely a heartening encouragement to know that it is an
ascent, not a descent, that we have behind us. There is wisdom in
Pascal's maxim:

It is dangerous to show man too plainly how like he is to the
animals, without, at the same time, reminding him of his greatness.
It is equally unwise to impress him with his greatness and not with
his lowliness. It is worse to leave him in ignorance of both. But it
is very profitable to recognise the two facts.

Sec. 3

Man's Pedigree

The facts of anatomy, physiology, and embryology, of which we have given
illustrations, all point to man's affiliation with the order of monkeys
and apes. To this order is given the name Primates, and our first and
second question must be when and whence the Primates began. The rock
record answers the first question: the Primates emerged about the dawn
of the Eocene era, when grass was beginning to cover the earth with a
garment. Their ancestral home was in the north in both hemispheres, and
then they migrated to Africa, India, Malay, and South America. In North
America the Primates soon became extinct, and the same thing happened
later on in Europe. In this case, however, there was a repeopling from