he leader of a Counter-Reformation.

His nephew, Federigo Borromeo (1564-1631), was archbishop of Milan from
1595, and in 1609 founded the Ambrosian library in that city.

See G.P. Giussano, _Vita di S. Carlo Borromeo_ (1610, Eng. ed. by H.E.
Manning, London, 1884); A. Sala, _Documenti circa la vita e la gesta
di Borromeo_ (4 vols., Milan, 1857-1859); Chanoine Silvain, _Histoire
de St Charles Borromee_ (Milan, 1884); and A. Cantono, _Un grande
riformatore del secolo XVI_ (Florence, 1904); article "Borromaus" in
Herzog-Hauck, _Realencyklopadie_ (Leipzig, 1897).

BORROMINI, FRANCESCO (1599-1667), Italian architect, was born at Bissone
in 1599. He was the chief representative of the style known in
architecture as "baroque," which marked a fearless and often reckless
departure from the traditional laws of the Renaissance, and often
obtained originality only at the cost of beauty or wisdom. One of the
main opponents of this style was Barocchio (q.v.). Borromini was much
employed in the middle of the 17th century at Rome. His principal works
are the church of St Agnese in Piazza Navona, the church of La Sapienza
in Rome, the church of San Carlino alle Fontane, the church of the
Collegio di Propaganda, and the restoration of San Giovanni in Laterano.
He died by his own hand at Rome in 1667. Engravings of his chief
compositions are to be found in the posthumous work, _Francisci
Borromini opus Architectonicum_ (1727).

BORROW, GEORGE HENRY (1803-1881), English traveller, linguist and
author, was born at East Dereham, Norfolk, on the 5th of July 1803, of a
middle-class Cornish family. His father was a recruiting officer, and
his mother a Norfolk lady of French extraction. From 1816 to 1818 Borrow
attended, with no very great profit, the grammar school at Norwich.
After leaving school he was articled to a firm of Norwich solicitors,
where he neglected the law, but gave a great deal of desultory attention
to languages. He was encouraged in these studies by William Taylor, the
friend of Southey. On the death of his father, in 1824 he went to London
to seek his fortune as a literary adventurer. In 1826 he published a
volume of _Romantic Ballads_ translated from the Danish. Engaged by Sir
Richard Phillips, the publisher, as a hack-writer at starvation wages,
his experiences in London were bitter indeed. His struggles at last
became so dire that if he would escape Chatterton's doom, he must leave
London and e