s yearly. We know full well the value of the co-operative
creameries and how butter has been brought up to a high standard. As
citizens, we rejoice; as horticulturists, and citizens as well, we want
our products to stand high in the estimation of others. I was much
pained this summer while discussing the marketing of apples with several
commission men to hear them say that they did not like to take local
shipments. The reason was that the goods were usually below grade, and
the returns did not always please the growers. It is evident that we
must improve our methods in ways which will remove this stigma. Many of
the commission men try to induce good grading and packing. They like to
handle "top notch" goods, for it is cheaper to handle goods that move
quickly than those that are a drag and require too much handling. The
Agricultural Extension Division of the College of Agriculture is
organized to give help, where help is needed, along a large number of
agricultural lines.

Realizing these facts, we have been trying to get the ear of the
producer and consumer in an effort to get them to do certain things. On
the one hand, we want to have good varieties, and to help this lectures
and demonstrations are given in the care of the orchard, pruning,
spraying, thinning, picking, grading, packing and marketing. On the
other hand we want more people to eat Minnesota apples. It is a campaign
of education and publicity.

If one wishes to sell anything, he finds that he must advertise. He must
advertise so much and in so many ways that people cannot help buying his
wares. There are certain widely advertised articles that you must know,
whether you are interested or not. One of these runs along the highways
so often that you are shaken, even against your will, into consciousness
of its existence, so that you cannot get along without having one, or at
least seeing one. The latest edition seems to have put on feathers in
the form of a white dove of peace. May it succeed. Advertising Minnesota
apples has been attempted this past year.

It was found necessary to provide a standard by which the buyer and
seller could agree on apple grades. After consulting several persons, it
was decided to adopt the following grades:

"A" Grade.--Hand picked, normal shape, good color (at least one-third
colored), free from dirt, disease and insect injuries, and well packed.
Limit of defects allowed: Not more than 10% of all kinds nor 5% of any
one ki