all air bubbles and wax particles have risen
to the top. It should be put up into five gallon cans or barrels for
wholesale trade. For retail trade it should be bottled when needed, else
it will candy in the glass. Bottling it hot or heating it after bottling
will delay crystallization for a considerable period. The bottles ought
to be white, clean and labeled with your name. Each kind of container
should be well packed in a wooden shipping case. Do not make it a
practice to sell a large amount to a customer at once, sell rather
smaller amounts at frequent intervals.

ORCHARD NOTES.

Conducted monthly by R. S. MACKINTOSH, Horticulturist, Extension
Division, University Farm, St. Paul.

Once in a while it is well to pause for a few moments to consider some
of the results of past efforts. We have been growing apples in Minnesota
in large quantities. Insects and diseases are causing more damage each
year, and this has lead us to pay more attention to the prevention of
these pests. A regular spraying program has been outlined, and many
persons have adopted it. What are the results? It seems to us that the
results of spraying at West Concord, Minn., should be made known to the
readers of the MINNESOTA HORTICULTURIST. It indicates very
clearly the value of spraying and how someone in a community can take
charge and diligently push for better methods. In this case the
instructor in agriculture, with the aid of his superintendent and board
of education, secured a power sprayer and began to spray the orchards in
the vicinity. At first it was necessary to ask the owners if they might
spray their trees. After three years, however, the owners appealed to
Prof. Updegraff to have their trees sprayed. This year he had more work
than he could manage. Demonstrations of this kind show the value of the
work so vividly that the most skeptical gradually becomes convinced of
its value.

Several schools have purchased spraying outfits. We hope that we shall
hear from more of them in the future. In many cases the spraying outfit
is used for whitewashing the interior of barns and other buildings.

Reports that come to the Agricultural Extension Division indicate that
there will be a surplus of apples in some sections this year. We want to
assist in the distribution of the surplus and shall continue the Apple
Clearing House again this year. If you have more apples than you can
sell locally please let the division know what you have