gation of the coccyx, forming a protuberance
which bulged very visibly under the skin. Exercise at the riding school
always gave him great distress, and the protuberance would often chafe
until the skin was broken, the blood trickling into his boots.

Bartels presents a very complete article in which he describes 21
persons born with tails, most of the tails being merely fleshy
protuberances. Darwin speaks of a person with a fleshy tail and refers
to a French article on human tails.

Science contains a description of a negro child born near Louisville,
eight weeks old, with a pedunculated tail 2 1/2 inches long, with a
base 1 1/4 inches in circumference. The tail resembled in shape a pig's
tail and had grown 1/4 inch since birth. It showed no signs of
cartilage or bone, and had its origin from a point slightly to the left
of the median line and about an inch above the end of the spinal column.

Dickinson recently reported the birth of a child with a tail. It was a
well-developed female between 5 1/2 and six pounds in weight. The
coccyx was covered with the skin on both the anterior and posterior
surfaces. It thus formed a tail of the size of the nail of the little
finger, with a length of nearly 3/16 inch on the inner surface and 3/8
inch on the rear surface. This little tip could be raised from the body
and it slowly sank back.

In addition to the familiar caudal projection of the human fetus,
Dickinson mentions a group of other vestigial remains of a former state
of things. Briefly these are:--

(1) The plica semilunaris as a vestige of the nictitating membrane of
certain birds.

(2) The pointed ear, or the turned-down tip of the ears of many men.

(3) The atrophied muscles, such as those that move the ear, that are
well developed in certain people, or that shift the scalp, resembling
the action of a horse in ridding itself of flies.

(4) The supracondyloid foremen of the humerus.

(5) The vermiform appendix.

(6) The location and direction of the hair on the trunk and limbs.

(7) The dwindling wisdom-teeth.

(8) The feet of the fetus strongly deflected inward, as in the apes,
and persisting in the early months of life, together with great
mobility and a distinct projection of the great toe at an angle from
the side of the foot.

(9) The remarkable grasping power of the hand at birth and for a few
weeks thereafter, that permits young babies to suspend their whole
weight on a cane for a period varying f