neath
the umbilicus; and Lieutaud describes a man who died at thirty-five,
from another cause, whose ureters, as large as intestines, terminated
in the urethral canal, causing him to urinate frequently; the bladder
was absent. In the early part of this century there was a young girl
examined in New York whose ureters emptied into a reddish carnosity on
the mons veneris. The urine dribbled continuously, and if the child
cried or made any exertion it came in jets. The genital organs
participated but little in the deformity, and with the exception that
the umbilicus was low and the anus more anterior than natural, the
child was well formed and its health good. Colzi reports a case in
which the left ureter opened externally at the left side of the hymen a
little below the normal meatus urinarius. There is a case described of
a man who evidently suffered from a patent urachus, as the urine passed
in jets as if controlled by a sphincter from his umbilicus. Littre
mentions a patent urachus in a boy of eighteen. Congenital dilatation
of the ureters is occasionally seen in the new-born. Shattuck describes
a male fetus showing reptilian characters in the sexual ducts. There
was ectopia vesicae and prolapse of the intestine at the umbilicus; the
right kidney was elongated; the right vas deferens opened into the
ureter. There was persistence in a separate condition of the two
Mullerian ducts which opened externally inferiorly, and there were two
ducts near the openings which represented anal pouches. Both testicles
were in the abdomen. Ord describes a man in whom one of the Mullerian
ducts was persistent.

Anomalies of the Bladder.--Blanchard, Blasius, Haller, Nebel, and
Rhodius mention cases in which the bladder has been found absent and we
have already mentioned some cases, but the instances in which the
bladder has been duplex are much more frequent. Bourienne,
Oberteuffer, Ruysch, Bartholinus, Morgagni, and Franck speak of vesical
duplication. There is a description of a man who had two bladders, each
receiving a ureter. Bussiere describes a triple bladder, and Scibelli
of Naples mentions an instance in a subject who died at fifty-seven
with symptoms of retention of urine. In the illustration, B represents
the normal bladder, A and C the supplementary bladders, with D and E
their respective points of entrance into B. As will be noticed, the
ureters terminate in the supplementary bladders. Fantoni and Malgetti
cite instances o