r conduct were pointed out and censured. In
1814 she left England and travelled on the continent, residing
principally in Italy. On the accession of George in 1820, orders were
given that the English ambassadors should prevent the recognition of the
princess as queen at any foreign court. Her name also was formally
omitted from the liturgy. These acts stirred up a strong feeling in
favour of the princess among the English people generally, and she at
once made arrangements for returning to England and claiming her rights.
She rejected a proposal that she should receive an annuity of L50,000 a
year on condition of renouncing her title and remaining abroad. Further
efforts at compromise proved unavailing; Caroline arrived in England on
the 6th of June, and one month later a bill to dissolve her marriage
with the king on the ground of adultery was brought into the House of
Lords. The trial began on the 17th of August 1820, and on the 10th of
November the bill, after passing the third reading, was abandoned. The
public excitement had been intense, the boldness of the queen's counsel,
Brougham and Denman, unparalleled, and the ministers felt that the
smallness of their majority was virtual defeat. The queen was allowed to
assume her title, but she was refused admittance to Westminster Hall on
the coronation day, July 19, 1821. Mortification at this event seems to
have hastened her death, which took place on the 7th of August of the
same year.

See _A Queen of Indiscretions, the Tragedy of Caroline of Brunswick,
Queen of England_, translated by F. Chapman from the Italian of
Graziano Paolo Clerici (London, 1907), with numerous portraits, &c. Of
contemporary authorities the _Creevy Papers_ (1905) throw the most
interesting sidelights on the subject.

CAROLINE ISLANDS, a widely-scattered archipelago in the Pacific Ocean,
E. of the Philippines and N. of New Guinea, included in Micronesia,
between 5 deg. and 10 deg. N., and 135 deg. and 165 deg. E., belonging
to Germany. They fall into three main groups, the Western, Central and
Eastern Carolines, the central being the most numerous, while the
western include the Pelew group. The total land area is about 380 sq.
m., and out of this, 307 sq. m. is covered by the four main islands,
Ponape and Kusaie in the eastern group, Truk or Hogolu in the central,
and Yap in the western. These islands are of considerable elevation (the
highest point of Ponape approaches 3000 ft