and literature. Entering politics as a Republican, he
was elected to the Ohio Senate in 1859. His Civil War record was
striking, and he was made major-general for gallantry at the
battle of Chickamauga. He was elected to Congress in 1863, where
he attracted attention as a hard worker and ready speaker, and
where later he became leader of the Republican party in the
House. He was an advocate of drastic measures against the South
and considered Lincoln's policies too lenient. At the
presidential convention of the Republican Party in 1880, he was
nominated on the 36th ballot as a compromise candidate, and in
the same year was elected president. On the 2d of July, 1881,
while on his way to attend commencement exercises at Williams
College, he was shot by Charles G. Giteau, a disappointed office
seeker who waylaid him in the Washington Railroad Station. He
died Sept. 19, 1881, at Elberon, N.J.

CLEVELAND TO CHICAGO

623 M. CLEVELAND, Pop. 796,836. (Train 3 passes 11:55p; No. 41, 4:35a;
No. 25,3:30a; No. 19, 8:20a. Eastbound: No. 6 passes 7:20p; No. 26,
8:35p; No. 16, 11:30p; No. 22, 2:56a.)

[Illustration: City of Cleveland from Reservoir Walk (1873)]

A trading post was established on the present site of Cleveland as early
as 1785 and ten years later Capt. Moses Cleaveland, leader of a small
band of pioneers and agent of the Connecticut Land Co., surveyed the
ground and planted the nucleus of the present thriving city--now fifth
in size in the country. Capt. Cleaveland, in travelling from Connecticut
into the Northwest, followed closely the present route of the New York
Central Lines, crossing N.Y. State to Buffalo and then from Buffalo
along the shore of Lake Erie.

At that time the southern shore of Lake Erie was part of the famous
Western Reserve territory, consisting of 3,250,000 acres of land,
certain parts of which Connecticut ceded to her citizens as compensation
for their losses from "fire and damage" at the hands of the British
during the Revolutionary War. These lands were sometimes known as "Fire
Lands."

The Western Reserve was a part of the territory immediately west
of the Pennsylvania line, and extending westward therefrom 120 M.
Connecticut held and "reserved" this territory to herself in
1780, when she ceded to the general government all her rights and
claims to the other lands in the We