dents. The N.Y. State Fair, a civic
event of considerable importance, takes place yearly (in Sept.) in
grounds situated on the western border of the city. The "plant" covers
100 acres and there is an excellent race track where famous horses are
run.

Salt works were established in Syracuse as early as 1788 and the
production of salt and sodium derivatives still constitutes an important
industry.

For many years Syracuse was the principal seat of the salt
industry in the United States, but the development of salt
deposits in other parts of N.Y. State and in Michigan caused a
decline in the Onondaga product, though Syracuse still produced
2,000,000 bushels of salt a year. The Onondaga deposits were
mentioned in the journal of the French Jesuit Lemoyne in 1653,
and before the Revolutionary War the Indians marketed salt at
Albany and Quebec. In 1788 the state undertook, by treaty with
the Onondaga Indians, to care for the salt springs and manage
them for the benefit of both the whites and the Indians. By
another treaty (1795) the state bought the salt lands, covering
about 10 Sq. M., paying the Indians $1,000 outright, supplemented
by an annual payment of $700 and 150 bushels of salt.
Subsequently the state leased the lands, charging at various
times a royalty of 4 to 12-1/2 cents a bushel. It was stipulated in
1797 that the lessees should not sell the product for more than
60 cents a bushel. In 1898, after the royalty had been reduced to
1 cent a bushel, the state ordered the sale of the salt lands
because the revenue was less than the expense of keeping up the
works. The actual sale, however, did not take place till 1908.
Annual production reached its highest point in 1862, with
9,000,000 bushels.

The salt deposits supplied the basis for the manufacture of soda-ash,
and at the village of Solvay, adjoining Syracuse on the west, is one of
the largest factories for this purpose in the world. Besides soda-ash it
produces bicarbonate of soda, caustic soda and crystals, the total
output being about 1,000 tons daily. Syracuse ranks among the leading
cities of the state in the number and variety of its manufactures. There
are 760 establishments employing 25,000 workers, with an annual output
of the value of about $75,000,000. The manufacture of typewriters is an
important industry (annual production $10,000,000). Other products
include a