nd in the
Upanishads (Chand. VI. 10. 1, Mund. III. 2, Prasna, VI. 5) but Sankara
(on Brahma S. I. iv. 21-22) evidently feels uneasy about it. From his
point of view the soul is not so much a river as a bay which _is_ the
sea, if the landscape can be seen properly.]

[Footnote 190: The Mandukya Up. calls the fourth state
_ekatmapratyayasara_, founded solely on the certainty of its own self
and Gaudapada says that in it there awakes the eternal which neither
dreams nor sleeps. (Kar. I. 15. See also III. 34 and 36.)]

[Footnote 191: Br.-Aranyaka, IV. 3. 33.]

[Footnote 192: Cf. Bradley, _Appearance and Reality_, p. 244. "The
perfect ... means the identity of idea and existence, attended also by
pleasure."]

[Footnote 193: Tait. Up. II. 1-9. See too ib. III. 6.]

[Footnote 194: Br.-Aran. III. 8. 10. See too VI. 2.15, speaking of those
who in the forest worship the truth with faith.]

[Footnote 195: Chandog. Up. IV. 10. 5.]

[Footnote 196: It occurs Katha. Up. II. v. 13, 15, also in the
Svetasvatara and Mundaka Upanishads and there are similar words in the
Bhagavad-gita. "This is that" means that the individual soul is the same
as Brahman.]

[Footnote 197: The Nrisimhottaratapaniya Up. I. says that Isvara is
swallowed up in the Turiya.]

[Footnote 198: But still ancient and perhaps anterior to the Christian
era.]

[Footnote 199: Svet. Up. VI. 7.]

[Footnote 200: Svet. Up. IV. 3. Max Mueller's translation. The commentary
attributed to Sankara explains nilah patangah as bhramarah but Deussen
seems to think it means a bird.]

[Footnote 201: Chand. Up. vi. 14. 1. Sat. Brah. viii. 1. 4. 10.]

[Footnote 202: The Brahmans are even called low-born as compared with
Kshatriyas and in the Ambattha Sutta (Dig. Nik. iii.) the Buddha
demonstrates to a Brahman who boasts of his caste that the usages of
Hindu society prove that "the Kshatriyas are higher and the Brahmans
lower," seeing that the child of a mixed union between the castes is
accepted by the Brahmans as one of themselves but not by the Kshatriyas,
because he is not of pure descent.]

[Footnote 203: He had learnt the Veda and Upanishads. Brih.-Ar. iv. 2.
1.]

[Footnote 204: Chand. Up. v. 3. 7, Kaush. Up. iv., Brih.-Ar. Up. ii. 1.
The Kshatriyas seem to have regarded the doctrine of the two paths which
can be taken by the soul after death (_devayana_ and _pitriyana_, the
latter involving return to earth and transmigration) as their special
property.]

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