f which kitchen utensils, are to be turned into
cannon.--Mallet-Dupan, "Memoires," I., 15.]

[Footnote 4144: Moniteur, XXV., 188. (Speech by Blutels, July 9, 1795.)]

[Footnote 4145: "Recueil du Pieces Authentiques," etc., I.,
24.--Gregoire, reports on Vandalism, Fructidor 14, year II., and
Brumaire 14, year III. (Moniteur, XXII., 86 and 751.)--Ibid., Letter
of December 24, 1796: "Not millions, but billions have been
destroyed."--Ibid.,, "Memoires," I., 334: "It is incalculable, the
loss of religious, scientific and literary objects. The district
administrations of Blanc (Indre) notified me that to ensure the
preservation of a library, they had the books put in casks."--Four
hundred thousand francs were expended in smashing statues of the Fathers
of the church, forming a circle around the dome of the Invalides.--A
great many objects became worthless through a cessation of their use:
for example, the cathedral of Meaux was put up at auction and found no
purchaser at six hundred francs. The materials were valued at forty-five
thousand francs, but labor (for taking it down) was too high. (Narrative
by an inhabitant of Meaux.)]

[Footnote 4146: "Les Origines du Systeme Financier Actuel," by Eugene
Sturm, p.53, 79.]

[Footnote 4147: Meissner, "Voyage a Paris," (end of 1795), p. 65. "The
class of those who may have really gained by the Revolution.... is
composed of brokers, army contractors, and their subordinates, a few
government agents and fermiers, enriching themselves by their new
acquisitions, and who are cool and shrewd enough to hide their grain,
bury their gold and steadily refuse assignats."--Ibid., 68, 70. "On the
road, he asks to whom a fine chateau belongs, and they tell him with a
significant look, 'to a former scruffy wretch.'--'Oh, monsieur,' said
the landlady at Vesoul, 'for every one that the Revolution has made
rich, you may be sure that it has made a thousand poor.'"]

[Footnote 4148: The following descriptions and appreciations are the
fruit of extensive investigation, scarcely one tenth of the facts and
texts that have been of service being cited. I must refer the reader,
accordingly, to the series of printed and written documents of which I
have made mention in this and the three preceding volumes.]

[Footnote 4149: "The Ancient Regime," book II., ch 2, P IV.]

[Footnote 4150: Ibid., book IV., chs. I., II., III.]

[Footnote 4151: Lacretelle, "Histoire de France au 18eme Siecle," V.,
2.--" The A