red officers belonging to various services, and
living in the neighborhood fed my passion.--Turenne said "I slept on a
gun-carriage at the age of ten. My taste for war was so great as to lead
me to enlist with a captain of the 'Royal Vaissiaux,' in garrison two
leagues off. If war had been declared I would have gone off and let
nobody know it. I joined his company, determined not to owe my fortune
to any but valorous actions."--Cf. also "Memoires du Marechal de Saxe."
A soldier at twelve, in the Saxon legion, shouldering his musket, and
marching with the rest, he completed each stage on foot from Saxony
to Flanders, and before he was thirteen took part in the battle of
Malplaquet.]

[Footnote 4164: Alexandrine des Echerolles, "Un Famille Noble sous la
Terreur," p.25.--Cf. "Correspondance de Madelle de Fering," by Honore
Bonhomme. The two sisters, one sixteen and the other thirteen, disguised
as men, fought with their father in Dumouriez' army.--See the sentiment
of young nobles in the works of Berquin and Marmontel. (Les Rivaux d'
Eux-meme.)]

[Footnote 4165: "The Revolution," I., 158, 325. Ibid., the affair of M.
de Bussy, 306; the affair of the eighty-two gentlemen of Caen, 316.--See
in Rivarol ("Journal Politique Nationale") details of the admirable
conduct of the Body-guards at Versailles, Oct. 5 and 6, 1789.]

[Footnote 4166: The noble families under the ancient regime may be
characterized as so many families of soldiers' children.]

[Footnote 4167: "L'Ancien Regime et la Revolution," by M. de
Tocqueville, p.169. My judgment, likewise based on the study of texts,
and especially manuscript texts, coincides here as elsewhere with that
of M. de Tocqueville. Biographies and local histories contain documents
too numerous to be cited.]

[Footnote 4168: Sauzay, I., introduction, and Ludovic Sciout, "Histoire
de la Constitution Civile du Clerge," I., introduction. (See in Sauzay,
biographical details and the grades of the principal ecclesiastical
dignitaries of the diocese Besancon.) The cathedral chapter, and that of
the Madeleine, could be entered only through nobility or promotion; it
was requisite for a graduate to have a noble for a father, or a doctor
of divinity, and himself be a doctor of divinity or in canon law.
Analogous titles, although lower down, were requisite for collegiate
canons, and for chaplains or familiars.]

[Footnote 4169: "The Revolution," I., 233.--Cf. Emile Ollivier, "L'Eglise
et l'Etat au