cobinism. We close the school if "precepts
or maxims opposed to revolutionary morality" are taught in it, that is
to say, in conformity with Christian morals. Children will learn to read
in the Declaration of Rights and in the Constitution of 1793. Republican
manuals and catechisms will be prepared for their use.[21102] "They must
be taught the virtuous traits which most honor free men, and especially
the traits characteristic of the French Revolution, the best calculated
to elevate the soul and render them worthy of equality and liberty."
The 14th of July, 10th of August, 2nd of September, 21st of January, and
31st of May must be lauded or justified in their presence. They must be
taken to meetings of the municipalities, to the law courts,[21103]
and especially to the popular clubs; from these pure sources they will
derive a knowledge of their rights, of their duties, of the laws,
of republican morality," and, on entering society, they will find
themselves imbued with all good maxims. Over and above their political
opinions we shape their ordinary habits. We apply on a grand scale the
plan of education drawn out by Jean-Jacques (Rousseau).[21104] We want
no more literary prigs; in the army, "the 'dandy' breaks down during the
first campaign;[21105] we want young men able to endure privation
and fatigue, toughened, like Emile, "by hard work" and physical
exercise.--We have, thus far, only sketched out this department of
education, but the agreement amongst the various plans shows the meaning
and bearings of our principle. "Children generally, without exception,
says Le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau,[21106] the boys from five to twelve,
the girls from five to eleven years of age, must be brought up in common
at the expense of the Republic; all, under the sacred law of equality,
are to receive the same clothing, the same food, the same education, the
same attention "in boarding-schools distributed according to cantons,
and containing each from four to six hundred pupils.

"Pupils will be made to submit every day and every moment to the same
rigid rules... Their beds must be hard, their food healthy, but simple,
their clothing comfortable, but coarse." Servants will not be allowed;
children must help themselves and, besides this, they must wait on the
old and infirm, lodged with or near them. "Among daily duties, manual
labor will be the principal thing; all the rest will be accessory."
Girls must learn to spin, sew and wash cl