a tissue which was originally vaguely
sensitive all over.

With the development of the senses, the adjustments between the
organism and its environment gradually extend in space, a
multiplication of experiences and a corresponding modification of
conduct being the result.

The adjustments also extend in time, covering continually greater
intervals. Along with this extension in space and time the
adjustments also increase in speciality and complexity, passing
through the various grades of brute life, and prolonging themselves
into the domain of reason. Very striking are Mr. Spencer's remarks
regarding the influence of the sense of touch upon the development of
intelligence. This is, so to say, the mother-tongue of all the
senses, into which they must be translated to be of service to the
organism. Hence its importance. The parrot is the most intelligent
of birds, and its tactual power is also greatest. From this sense it
gets knowledge, unattainable by birds which cannot employ their feet
as hands. The elephant is the most sagacious of quadrupeds--its
tactual range and skill, and the consequent multiplication of
experiences, which it owes to its wonderfully adaptable trunk, being
the basis of its sagacity. Feline animals, for a similar cause, are
more sagacious than hoofed animals,--atonement being to some extent
made in the case of the horse, by the possession of sensitive
prehensile lips. In the Primates the evolution of intellect and the
evolution of tactual appendages go hand in hand. In the most
intelligent anthropoid apes we find the tactual range and delicacy
greatly augmented, new avenues of knowledge being thus opened to the
animal. Alan crowns the edifice here, not only in virtue of his own
manipulatory power, but through the enormous extension of his range of
experience, by the invention of instruments of precision, which serve
as supplemental senses and supplemental limbs. The reciprocal action
of these is finely described and illustrated That chastened
intellectual emotion to which I have referred in connection with Mr.
Darwin, is not absent in Mr. Spencer. His illustrations possess at
times exceeding vividness and force; and from his style on such
occasions it is to be inferred, that the ganglia of this Apostle of
the Understanding are sometimes the seat of a nascent poetic thrill.

It is a fact of supreme importance that actions, the performance of
which at first requires even painful effor