e crosswise direction_, as if a stick or a quill
were held in the teeth, the extremities extending outward to the sides.
A line, in this direction, is the measurer of BREADTH, which is the
Second Dimension of Extension, crossing the Length-line represented by I
at right angles. _Side-wise-ness_ is synonymous with RELATION, as one of
the Sub-divisions of Reality, or, in other words, of the Realities of
Being. _Re-lation_ is, etymologically, from the Latin _re_, BACK or
REFLECTED, and _latus_, SIDE; that which mutually and reciprocally
re-sides the _Centre_, or furnishes it with sides or _wings_. The
Vowel-Sound E (_a_, in m_a_te) is, therefore, the Analogue or
Corresponding Representative or Equivalent in the Domain of Sound of
that _Fundamental Conception_ which, in respect to Thought, is
denominated _Relation_, in respect to Position _Collaterality_ or
_Sideness_, and in respect to Dimension _Breadth_ or _Width_.

The Sound A (_a_ in f_a_ther) is made farther back in the mouth, with
the mouth stretched quite open, and is the richest and most harmonious
of the Vowel Sounds--the Queen of the Vowels. It is the Italian A, the
sound most allied with Music and Euphony, and yet a sound which is
greatly lacking in the English Language.

The English Reader must guard himself from confounding the Vowel-Sound
of which we are here speaking, with the Consonant R, the alphabetical
name of which is by a lax habit of pronunciation made to be nearly
identical with this Vowel-Sound; while for this beautiful and brilliant
and leading Vowel in the Alphabet of Nature we have no distinct letter
in English, and reckon it merely as one of the values or powers of the
Letter A, to which we ordinarily give the value of E (_a_ in m_a_te,
_ai_ in p_ai_n).

This Vowel A (_ah_, _a_ in f_a_ther) is made with the mouth so open that
the form of its production suggests the insertion of a stick or other
elongated object in a perpendicular direction to retain the jaws in
their position; a practice said sometimes to be resorted to by the
Italian Music Teacher, in order to correct the bad habit of talking
through the teeth, common among his English pupils.

This height and depth involved in the Sound of the Vowel A (ah) relates
it to THICKNESS, the Third Dimension of Extension; as the Sound I is
related to _Length_, the First of these Dimensions, and the Sound E to
_Breadth_, the Second of them.

_Thickness_ is again related to _richness_ and _sweetnes