_O_I, _o_i (o-ee, oi in going). FRONTNESS, PROSPECT.

13. AU, au (ou in our). UNIVERSAL REALITY.

The Vowels and Diphthongs of this Basic Scale may be Long or Short,
without any change of quality. This difference is indicated by
diacritical marks, which it is not now necessary to exhibit.

In addition to these merely _quantitative_ differences in the
Vowel-Sounds, there is a corresponding difference of _Quality_, which
produces a Counter-Scale of Vowel-Sounds; an echo or repetition of the
Basic Scale throughout its entire length. This new Scale is a Series of
Sounds predominantly _short_ in quantity. They are called by Mr. Pitman
the _Stopped_ Vowels. (In German they are denominated the _Sharp_
Vowels.) These Sounds are nearly always followed by a Consonant-Sound in
the same syllable, by which they are _stopped_ or _broken abruptly off_,
and the purity of their quality as Vowels affected or disturbed.

It is not essential for our present purpose to give a detailed list of
these Vowels; more especially as every Reader will readily recall them;
as I, in pIn; E, in pEt; A in pAt; _o_, in n_o_t; _u_, in b_u_t; O, in
stOne, cOAt; U, in fUll.

In respect to the Vowel Diphthongs, the _Stopped_ Sounds are not
materially different from the _short_ quantities of the corresponding
Full ones; and no effort need be made to distinguish the two former
varieties of Sound. The same is true of the Short and Stopped Sounds of
A (ah). But the difference is very marked in the remaining Seven (7)
Simple Vowels; the Stopped Sounds of which are given above. For the
ordinary purposes of Language it is not necessary to distinguish these
Stopped Sounds by any diacritical mark. But in the short Root-Words,
where a difference of meaning depends upon the difference between the
_full_ and _stopped_ Vowel, the so-called _grave_ accent is employed to
denote the _stopped_ quality, as pique, pick, for example, written thus:
pik, pik.

The meaning of the Stopped Vowel-Sounds is merely the broken or
_fractionized_ aspect of the same ideas which are symbolized by the
corresponding _Full_ Vowel-Sounds.

The nature and meaning of the Vowels being thus explained with
sufficient amplitude for the uses now in view, we are prepared to
advance, in a subsequent paper, to the consideration of the individual
Consonant-Sounds, their character and inherent signification.

THE TWO PLATFORMS.

It was the opprobrium of the Republican party