es of the
Inquisition were only those in vogue according to the secular law of the
day, let them recollect that the formulizers of that law were none other
than the celibate Roman clergy.

I do not deny that there was in all this a just, though a terrible,
Nemesis. What was the essential fault of these Lombard laws--indeed of
all the Teutonic codes? This--that there was one law for the free man,
another for the slave. Ecclesiastical dominion was necessary, to make
one law for all classes, even though it were a law of common slavery. As
the free had done to the slave, even so, and far worse, would the Roman
clergy do to them. The Albigense persecutors, burning sixty ladies in
one day; Conrad of Marpurg scourging his own sovereign, St. Elizabeth;
shaving the Count of Saiym's head; and burning noble ladies almost
without trial; Sprenger and his compeers, offering up female hecatombs of
the highest blood thoughout Germany; English bishops burning in
Smithfield Anne Askew, the hapless court-beauty, and her fellow-courtier
Mr. Lascelles, just as if they had been Essex or Berkshire peasants;--all
these evildoers were welding the different classes of the European
nations, by a community of suffering, into nations; into the belief that
free and slave had one blood, one humanity, one conscience, one capacity
of suffering; and at last, one capacity of rebelling, and making common
cause, high and low alike, against him who reigned in Italy under the
'Romani nominis umbram.'

And if our English law, our English ideas of justice and mercy, have
retained, more than most European codes, the freedom, the truthfulness,
the kindliness, of the old Teutonic laws, we owe it to the fact, that
England escaped, more than any other land, the taint of effete Roman
civilization; that she therefore first of the lands, in the 12th century,
rebelled against, and first of them, in the 16th century, threw off, the
Ultramontane yoke.

And surely it will be so, in due time, with the descendants of these very
Lombards. We have seen them in these very years arise out of the dust
and shame of centuries, and determine to be Lombards once again. We have
seen a hero arise among them of the true old Teuton stamp, bearing
worthily the name which his forefathers brought over the Alps with
Alboin--Garibald, the 'bold in war.' May they succeed in the same noble
struggle as that in which we succeeded, and returning, not in letter, but
in spirit, to the ol